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CD14

Domain

The C-terminal leucine-rich repeat (LRR) region is required for responses to smooth LPS.

Function

Coreceptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide (PubMed:1698311, PubMed:23264655). In concert with LBP, binds to monomeric lipopolysaccharide and delivers it to the LY96/TLR4 complex, thereby mediating the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (PubMed:20133493, PubMed:23264655, PubMed:22265692). Acts via MyD88, TIRAP and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response (PubMed:8612135). Acts as a coreceptor for TLR2:TLR6 heterodimer in response to diacylated lipopeptides and for TLR2:TLR1 heterodimer in response to triacylated lipopeptides, these clusters trigger signaling from the cell surface and subsequently are targeted to the Golgi in a lipid-raft dependent pathway (PubMed:16880211). Binds electronegative LDL (LDL(-)) and mediates the cytokine release induced by LDL(-) (PubMed:23880187).

Post-translational modifications

N- and O- glycosylated. O-glycosylated with a core 1 or possibly core 8 glycan.

Tissue specificity

Detected on macrophages (at protein level) (PubMed:1698311). Expressed strongly on the surface of monocytes and weakly on the surface of granulocytes; also expressed by most tissue macrophages.

Cellular localization

  • Cell membrane
  • Lipid-anchor
  • GPI-anchor
  • Secreted
  • Membrane raft
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Secreted forms may arise by cleavage of the GPI anchor.

Alternative names

  • Monocyte differentiation antigen CD14
  • Myeloid cell-specific leucine-rich glycoprotein
  • CD14

Target type

Proteins

Primary research area

Immunology & Infectious Disease

Other research areas

  • Immuno-oncology

Molecular weight

40076Da