CD151
Function
Structural component of specialized membrane microdomains known as tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TERMs), which act as platforms for receptor clustering and signaling. Plays a role in various cellular and molecular mechanism through its association with both integrin and non-integrin proteins. These interactions facilitate critical cellular functions, including cell-to-cell communication, wound healing, platelet aggregation, trafficking, cell motility, and angiogenesis (PubMed:17045834, PubMed:24723389, PubMed:31488507). Via interaction with JAM-A/F11R and integrin ITGA3:ITGB1, promotes the recruitment of signaling molecules such as RAC1, CDC42 and RhoGTPases to facilitate the polarization of epithelial cells and the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, which are critical steps in cell migration process (PubMed:22843693, PubMed:35067832). Regulates the glycosylation pattern of ITGA3:ITGB1 thereby modulating its activity (PubMed:18852263). Plays an essential role in the maintenance of central laminin-binding integrin ITGA6:ITGB4-containing adhesion complexes (PubMed:31488507). Essential for the proper assembly of the glomerular and tubular basement membranes in kidney (PubMed:15265795). Contributes to T-cell activation by modulating integrin signaling leading to activation of downstream targets PTK2 and MAPK1/MAPK3 (PubMed:24723389).
(Microbial infection) Plays a role in human papillomavirus 16/HPV-16 endocytosis upon binding to cell surface receptor.
(Microbial infection) Plays a role in human cytomegalovirus entry into host cell by contributing to entry receptor binding, membrane fusion, or release of the capsid.
Involvement in disease
Epidermolysis bullosa simplex 7, with nephropathy and deafness
EBS7
A form of epidermolysis bullosa, a genodermatosis characterized by recurrent blistering, fragility of the skin and mucosal epithelia, and erosions caused by minor mechanical trauma. EBS7 is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the association of skin blistering, hereditary nephritis, sensorineural deafness, and beta-thalassemia minor. Skin blistering is present at birth, particularly in the tibial area but also scattered on other parts of the body.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Post-translational modifications
Palmitoylated. Palmitoylation by ZDHHC2 regulates CD151 expression, association with other tetraspanin family proteins and function in cell adhesion.
Ubiquitinated by RNF128 on lysine residues present in the tetraspanin amino terminus via 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitin leading to proteasomal degradation.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in a variety of tissues including vascular endothelium and epidermis. Expressed on erythroid cells, with a higher level of expression in erythroid precursors than on mature erythrocytes (PubMed:15265795). Acts as a sensitive T-cell activation marker (PubMed:32978478).
Cellular localization
- Cell membrane
- Multi-pass membrane protein
- Relocalizes to the immune synapse in T-cells upon activation.
Alternative names
CD151, TSPAN24, CD151 antigen, GP27, Membrane glycoprotein SFA-1, Platelet-endothelial tetraspan antigen 3, Tetraspanin-24, PETA-3, Tspan-24