Cd160
Function
CD160 antigen
Receptor on immune cells capable to deliver stimulatory or inhibitory signals that regulate cell activation and differentiation. Exists as a GPI-anchored and as a transmembrane form, each likely initiating distinct signaling pathways via phosphoinositol 3-kinase in activated NK cells and via LCK and CD247/CD3 zeta chain in activated T cells (By similarity). Receptor for both classical and non-classical MHC class I molecules (PubMed:16177084). Receptor or ligand for TNF superfamily member TNFRSF14, participating in bidirectional cell-cell contact signaling between antigen presenting cells and lymphocytes. Upon ligation of TNFRSF14, provides stimulatory signal to NK cells enhancing IFNG production and anti-tumor immune response (PubMed:25711213). On activated CD4+ T cells, interacts with TNFRSF14 and down-regulates CD28 costimulatory signaling, restricting memory and alloantigen-specific immune response (By similarity). In the context of bacterial infection, acts as a ligand for TNFRSF14 on epithelial cells, triggering the production of antimicrobial proteins and pro-inflammatory cytokines (PubMed:22801499).
CD160 antigen, soluble form
The soluble GPI-cleaved form, usually released by activated lymphocytes, might play an immune regulatory role by limiting lymphocyte effector functions.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in resting and activated NK cell subsets (at protein level) (PubMed:16177084, PubMed:25711213). Expressed in resting NKT cells (at protein level) (PubMed:16177084). Expressed in activated CD8+ T cells (at protein level). Highly expressed in intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) subsets, particularly in innate-like CD8A-positive IELs (at protein level) (PubMed:22801499).
Cellular localization
- CD160 antigen
- Cell membrane
- Lipid-anchor
- GPI-anchor
- CD160 antigen, soluble form
- Secreted
- Released from the cell membrane by GPI cleavage.
Alternative names
CD160, By55, Cd160, CD160 antigen, Natural killer cell receptor BY55