Cd69

Developmental stage

Earliest inducible cell surface glycoprotein acquired during lymphoid activation.

Function

Transmembrane protein expressed mainly on T-cells resident in mucosa that plays an essential role in immune cell homeostasis. Rapidly expressed on the surface of platelets, T-lymphocytes and NK cells upon activation by various stimuli, such as antigen recognition or cytokine signaling, stimulates different signaling pathways in different cell types (PubMed:20696842, PubMed:38540778). Negatively regulates Th17 cell differentiation through its carbohydrate dependent interaction with galectin-1/LGALS1 present on immature dendritic cells (By similarity). Association of CD69 cytoplasmic tail with the JAK3/STAT5 signaling pathway regulates the transcription of RORgamma/RORC and, consequently, differentiation toward the Th17 lineage (PubMed:20696842). Acts also via the S100A8/S100A9 complex present on peripheral blood mononuclear cells to promote the conversion of naive CD4 T-cells into regulatory T-cells. Acts as an oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) receptor in CD4 T-lymphocytes and negatively regulates the inflammatory response by inducing the expression of PDCD1 through the activation of NFAT. Participates in adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs)-mediated protection against P. aeruginosa infection. Mechanistically, specifically recognizes P. aeruginosa to promote ERK1 activation, followed by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and other inflammatory cytokines secretion (By similarity). In eosinophils, induces IL-10 production through the ERK1/2 pathway (PubMed:38540778). Negatively regulates the chemotactic responses of effector lymphocytes and dendritic cells (DCs) to sphingosine 1 phosphate/S1P by acting as a S1PR1 receptor agonist and facilitating the internalization and degradation of the receptor (PubMed:16525420).

Post-translational modifications

Constitutive Ser/Thr phosphorylation in both mature thymocytes and activated T-lymphocytes.

Tissue Specificity

Expressed on the surface of activated T-cells, B-cells, natural killer cells, neutrophils and platelets. Present also in eosinophils (PubMed:38540778).

Cellular localization

• Cell membrane
• Single-pass type II membrane protein

Alternative names

CD69, Early activation antigen CD69, Cd69

Database links

swissprot:P37217 entrezGene:12515

Other research areas

• Immuno-oncology