CD79A
GeneName
CD79A
Summary
CD79A, also known as IGA, Ig alpha, or MB-1, is a 25 kDa transmembrane protein that is a crucial component of the B cell receptor (BCR) complex. It is primarily expressed on the surface of B cells, where it plays a vital role in B cell activation, differentiation, and proliferation. CD79A is involved in transmembrane signalling, facilitating communication between the extracellular environment and the intracellular signalling pathways upon antigen binding. The protein is located on the external side of the plasma membrane and is associated with membrane rafts, multivesicular bodies, and the IgM B cell receptor complex, contributing to the overall function of B cells in the adaptive immune response.
Importance
CD79A is relevant to: - The study of B cell biology and the mechanisms of adaptive immunity, as it is essential for B cell receptor signalling - Understanding autoimmune diseases where B cell activation is dysregulated - The development of therapeutic strategies targeting B cells in conditions such as lymphomas and leukemias - Vaccine development, as it plays a role in the generation of antibody responses
Top Products
For researchers investigating CD79A, we highly recommend the top-selling recombinant antibody, Anti-CD79a antibody [EP3618] (ab79414). This antibody has been validated in knockout models, ensuring its reliability in various applications, including immunohistochemistry (IHC), western blotting (WB), and immunocytochemistry (ICC). With 11 citations, it is gaining recognition in the research community for its performance and consistency, making it an excellent choice for those studying CD79A. The Anti-CD79a antibody [ZL7-4] ELISA Kit (ab270256) is an excellent option for researchers looking to measure CD79A in their experiments.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The use of the Abcam antibody ab62650 for detecting CD79A in Bos taurus lung tissue highlights its relevance in studying Mycoplasma bovis infection. This suggests a potential role for CD79A in the immune response to this pathogen.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Domain
The transmembrane helices of CD79A and CD79B chains and two IgM heavy chains assembly in a four-helix bundle structure that appears to be conserved among different BCR isotypes.
Function
Required in cooperation with CD79B for initiation of the signal transduction cascade activated by binding of antigen to the B-cell antigen receptor complex (BCR) which leads to internalization of the complex, trafficking to late endosomes and antigen presentation. Also required for BCR surface expression and for efficient differentiation of pro- and pre-B-cells. Stimulates SYK autophosphorylation and activation. Binds to BLNK, bringing BLNK into proximity with SYK and allowing SYK to phosphorylate BLNK. Also interacts with and increases activity of some Src-family tyrosine kinases. Represses BCR signaling during development of immature B-cells.
Involvement in disease
Agammaglobulinemia 3, autosomal recessive
AGM3
A primary immunodeficiency characterized by profoundly low or absent serum antibodies and low or absent circulating B-cells due to an early block of B-cell development. Affected individuals develop severe infections in the first years of life.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. Two different mutations, one at the splice donor site of intron 2 and the other at the splice acceptor site for exon 3, have been identified. Both mutations give rise to a truncated protein.
Post-translational modifications
Phosphorylated on tyrosine, serine and threonine residues upon B-cell activation. Phosphorylation of tyrosine residues by Src-family kinases is an early and essential feature of the BCR signaling cascade. The phosphorylated tyrosines serve as docking sites for SH2-domain containing kinases, leading to their activation which in turn leads to phosphorylation of downstream targets. Phosphorylated by LYN. Phosphorylation of serine and threonine residues may prevent subsequent tyrosine phosphorylation.
Arginine methylation in the ITAM domain may interfere with the binding of SYK. It promotes signals leading to B-cell differentiation (By similarity).
Tissue Specificity
B-cells.
Cellular localization
- Cell membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
- Following antigen binding, the BCR has been shown to translocate from detergent-soluble regions of the cell membrane to lipid rafts although signal transduction through the complex can also occur outside lipid rafts.
Alternative names
CD79a, IGA, MB1, CD79A, B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein alpha chain, Ig-alpha, MB-1 membrane glycoprotein, Membrane-bound immunoglobulin-associated protein, Surface IgM-associated protein