Cd8b
Function
Integral membrane glycoprotein that plays an essential role in the immune response and serves multiple functions in responses against both external and internal offenses. In T-cells, functions primarily as a coreceptor for MHC class I molecule:peptide complex. The antigens presented by class I peptides are derived from cytosolic proteins while class II derived from extracellular proteins. Interacts simultaneously with the T-cell receptor (TCR) and the MHC class I proteins presented by antigen presenting cells (APCs). In turn, recruits the Src kinase LCK to the vicinity of the TCR-CD3 complex. A palmitoylation site in the cytoplasmic tail of CD8B chain contributes to partitioning of CD8 into the plasma membrane lipid rafts where signaling proteins are enriched. Once LCK recruited, it initiates different intracellular signaling pathways by phosphorylating various substrates ultimately leading to lymphokine production, motility, adhesion and activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). Additionally, plays a critical role in thymic selection of CD8+ T-cells.
Post-translational modifications
Phosphorylated as a consequence of T-cell activation.
Palmitoylated at the cytoplasmic tail and thereby targets the heterodimer CD8A/CD8B to lipid rafts unlike CD8A homodimers.
Cellular localization
- Cell membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
- Requires the partner CD8A for efficient cell surface expression. The heterodimer CD8A/CD8B localizes to lipid rafts due to CD8B cytoplasmic tail palmitoylation.
Alternative names
CD8b, Cd8b1, Cd8b, T-cell surface glycoprotein CD8 beta chain, CD8 antigen 37 kDa chain, OX-8 membrane antigen