Cell division control protein 42 homolog
Function
Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses (PubMed:25498153). Involved in epithelial cell polarization processes. Regulates the bipolar attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochores before chromosome congression in metaphase (By similarity). Regulates cell migration (By similarity). In neurons, plays a role in the extension and maintenance of the formation of filopodia, thin and actin-rich surface projections (By similarity). Required for DOCK10-mediated spine formation in Purkinje cells and hippocampal neurons. Facilitates filopodia formation upon DOCK11-activation (By similarity). Upon activation by CaMKII, modulates dendritic spine structural plasticity by relaying CaMKII transient activation to synapse-specific, long-term signaling (PubMed:21423166, PubMed:25498153). Also plays a role in phagocytosis through organization of the F-actin cytoskeleton associated with forming phagocytic cups (By similarity). Upon activation by PLEKHG4B, involved in actin cytoskeletal remodeling during epithelial cell-cell junction formation (By similarity).
Post-translational modifications
Phosphorylated by SRC in an EGF-dependent manner, this stimulates the binding of the Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitor RhoGDI.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family. CDC42 subfamily.
Cellular localization
- Cell membrane
- Lipid-anchor
- Cytoplasmic side
- Midbody
- Cytoplasm
- Cytoskeleton
- Microtubule organizing center
- Centrosome
- Cytoplasm
- Cytoskeleton
- Spindle
- Cytoplasm
- Cell projection
- Lamellipodium membrane
- Peripheral membrane protein
- Cytoplasmic side
- Cell projection
- Dendrite
- Localizes to spindle during prometaphase cells. Moves to the central spindle as cells progressed through anaphase to telophase. Localizes at the end of cytokinesis in the intercellular bridge formed between two daughter cells. Its localization is regulated by the activities of guanine nucleotide exchange factor ECT2 and GTPase activating protein RACGAP1. Colocalizes with NEK6 in the centrosome. In its active GTP-bound form localizes to the leading edge membrane of migrating dendritic cells.
Alternative names
Cell division control protein 42 homolog, Cdc42