MHF1

Expression varies across the cell cycle, with highest levels in G2 phase (at protein level). No statistically significant changes at the transcript level.

DNA-binding component of the Fanconi anemia (FA) core complex. Required for the normal activation of the FA pathway, leading to monoubiquitination of the FANCI-FANCD2 complex in response to DNA damage, cellular resistance to DNA cross-linking drugs, and prevention of chromosomal breakage (PubMed:20347428, PubMed:20347429). In complex with CENPX (MHF heterodimer), crucial cofactor for FANCM in both binding and ATP-dependent remodeling of DNA. Stabilizes FANCM (PubMed:20347428, PubMed:20347429). In complex with CENPX and FANCM (but not other FANC proteins), rapidly recruited to blocked forks and promotes gene conversion at blocked replication forks (PubMed:20347428). In complex with CENPT, CENPW and CENPX (CENP-T-W-S-X heterotetramer), involved in the formation of a functional kinetochore outer plate, which is essential for kinetochore-microtubule attachment and faithful mitotic progression (PubMed:19620631). As a component of MHF and CENP-T-W-S-X complexes, binds DNA and bends it to form a nucleosome-like structure (PubMed:20347428, PubMed:22304917). DNA-binding function is fulfilled in the presence of CENPX, with the following preference for DNA substates: Holliday junction > double-stranded > splay arm > single-stranded. Does not bind DNA on its own (PubMed:20347428, PubMed:20347429).

Belongs to the TAF9 family. CENP-S/MHF1 subfamily.

Ubiquitously expressed.

• Nucleus
• Chromosome
• Centromere
• Chromosome
• Centromere
• Kinetochore
• Assembly of CENPS and CENPX and its partner subunits CENPT and CENPW at centromeres occurs through a dynamic exchange mechanism. Although exchange is continuous in the cell cycle, de novo assembly starts principally during mid-late S phase and is complete by G2. CENPS is more stably bound at the kinetochore than CENPX (PubMed:19620631, PubMed:24522885). During S phase, rapidly recruited to DNA interstrand cross-links that block replication (PubMed:20347428). Recruited to DNA damage sites about 20 minutes following UV irradiation, reaching a plateau after approximately 40 minutes (PubMed:24522885).

APITD1, FAAP16, MHF1, CENPS, Centromere protein S, CENP-S, Apoptosis-inducing TAF9-like domain-containing protein 1, FANCM-associated histone fold protein 1, FANCM-interacting histone fold protein 1, Fanconi anemia-associated polypeptide of 16 kDa

• entrezGene:100526739
• entrezGene:378708
• omim:609130
• swissprot:Q8N2Z9

Proteins

15893Da