Pancreastatin
Strongly inhibits glucose induced insulin release from the pancreas.
Catestatin
Inhibits catecholamine release from chromaffin cells and noradrenergic neurons by acting as a non-competitive nicotinic cholinergic antagonist (PubMed:15326220). Displays antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria S.aureus and M.luteus, and Gram-negative bacteria E.coli and P.aeruginosa (PubMed:15723172, PubMed:24723458). Can induce mast cell migration, degranulation and production of cytokines and chemokines (PubMed:21214543). Acts as a potent scavenger of free radicals in vitro (PubMed:24723458). May play a role in the regulation of cardiac function and blood pressure (PubMed:18541522).
Serpinin
Regulates granule biogenesis in endocrine cells by up-regulating the transcription of protease nexin 1 (SERPINE2) via a cAMP-PKA-SP1 pathway. This leads to inhibition of granule protein degradation in the Golgi complex which in turn promotes granule formation.
Sulfated on tyrosine residues and/or contains sulfated glycans.
O-glycosylated with core 1 or possibly core 8 glycans (PubMed:19838169, PubMed:23234360, PubMed:9852066). Contains chondroitin sulfate (CS); CS attachment is pH-dependent, being observed at mildly acidic conditions of pH 5 but not at neutral pH, and promotes self-assembly in vitro (PubMed:25326458).
Proteolytic processing gives rise to an additional longer form of catestatin (residues 358-390) which displays a less potent catecholamine release-inhibitory activity (PubMed:10781584). Plasmin-mediated proteolytic processing can give rise to additional shorter and longer forms of catestatin peptides (PubMed:17991725).
Belongs to the chromogranin/secretogranin protein family.
Detected in cerebrospinal fluid (at protein level) (PubMed:25326458). Detected in urine (at protein level) (PubMed:37453717).
GE-25
Found in the brain.
Chromogranin-A, CgA, Pituitary secretory protein I, SP-I, CHGA
Proteins
Oncology
50688Da
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