CSPG4
Function
Proteoglycan playing a role in cell proliferation and migration which stimulates endothelial cells motility during microvascular morphogenesis. May also inhibit neurite outgrowth and growth cone collapse during axon regeneration. Cell surface receptor for collagen alpha 2(VI) which may confer cells ability to migrate on that substrate. Binds through its extracellular N-terminus growth factors, extracellular matrix proteases modulating their activity. May regulate MPP16-dependent degradation and invasion of type I collagen participating in melanoma cells invasion properties. May modulate the plasminogen system by enhancing plasminogen activation and inhibiting angiostatin. Functions also as a signal transducing protein by binding through its cytoplasmic C-terminus scaffolding and signaling proteins. May promote retraction fiber formation and cell polarization through Rho GTPase activation. May stimulate alpha-4, beta-1 integrin-mediated adhesion and spreading by recruiting and activating a signaling cascade through CDC42, ACK1 and BCAR1. May activate FAK and ERK1/ERK2 signaling cascades.
Post-translational modifications
O-glycosylated; contains glycosaminoglycan chondroitin sulfate which are required for proper localization and function in stress fiber formation (By similarity). Involved in interaction with MMP16 and ITGA4.
Phosphorylation by PRKCA regulates its subcellular location and function in cell motility.
Tissue Specificity
Detected in fibroblasts (at protein level) (PubMed:36213313). Detected in placenta (at protein level) (PubMed:32337544). Detected in malignant melanoma cells.
Cellular localization
- Cell membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
- Extracellular side
- Apical cell membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
- Extracellular side
- Cell projection
- Lamellipodium membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
- Extracellular side
- Cell surface
- Localized at the apical plasma membrane it relocalizes to the lamellipodia of astrocytoma upon phosphorylation by PRKCA. Localizes to the retraction fibers. Localizes to the plasma membrane of oligodendrocytes (By similarity).
Alternative names
MCSP, CSPG4, Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4, Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan NG2, Melanoma chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, Melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan