CXCL8

Chemotactic factor that mediates inflammatory response by attracting neutrophils, basophils, and T-cells to clear pathogens and protect the host from infection (PubMed:18692776, PubMed:7636208). Also plays an important role in neutrophil activation (PubMed:2145175, PubMed:9623510). Released in response to an inflammatory stimulus, exerts its effect by binding to the G-protein-coupled receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2, primarily found in neutrophils, monocytes and endothelial cells (PubMed:1840701, PubMed:1891716). G-protein heterotrimer (alpha, beta, gamma subunits) constitutively binds to CXCR1/CXCR2 receptor and activation by IL8 leads to beta and gamma subunits release from Galpha (GNAI2 in neutrophils) and activation of several downstream signaling pathways including PI3K and MAPK pathways (PubMed:11971003, PubMed:8662698).

Several N-terminal processed forms are produced by proteolytic cleavage after secretion from at least peripheral blood monocytes, leukcocytes and endothelial cells. In general, IL-8(1-77) is referred to as interleukin-8. IL-8(6-77) is the most promiment form.

Citrullination at Arg-27 prevents proteolysis, and dampens tissue inflammation, it also enhances leukocytosis, possibly through impaired chemokine clearance from the blood circulation.

(Microbial infection) Cleaved by group A Streptococcus protease SpyCEP; leading to impaired neutrophil endothelial transmigration and thus increased virulence.

Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family.

• Secreted

IL8, CXCL8, Interleukin-8, IL-8, C-X-C motif chemokine 8, Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8, Emoctakin, Granulocyte chemotactic protein 1, Monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor, Monocyte-derived neutrophil-activating peptide, Neutrophil-activating protein 1, Protein 3-10C, T-cell chemotactic factor, GCP-1, MDNCF, MONAP, NAP-1

• entrezGene:3576
• omim:146930
• swissprot:P10145

Proteins

Immunology & Infectious Disease

• Immuno-oncology
• Neuroscience

11098Da