CYBB
GeneName
CYBB
Summary
CYBB, also known as NOX2 or NADPH oxidase 2, is a 65kDa membrane-associated protein that plays a vital role in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through its superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase activity. It is predominantly expressed in phagocytic cells, such as neutrophils and macrophages, and is localised to various cellular compartments including the plasma membrane and phagocytic vesicles. CYBB is involved in several biological processes, including the innate immune response and the respiratory burst, which are crucial for the defence against pathogens. Additionally, it participates in the regulation of angiogenesis and the inflammatory response, highlighting its importance in both immune function and tissue homeostasis.
Importance
CYBB is relevant to: - The innate immune system, as it is essential for the production of superoxide during the respiratory burst in phagocytes, aiding in pathogen elimination - Inflammatory diseases, given its role in generating ROS that can modulate inflammatory responses - Cancer research, due to its involvement in processes like angiogenesis and the production of tumour necrosis factor - Neurodegenerative conditions, where its activity may influence oxidative stress and neuronal damage
Top Products
For researchers investigating CYBB, we recommend two excellent primary antibodies that cater to a variety of applications. The first is the well-cited monoclonal antibody, Anti-NOX2/gp91phox antibody [54.1] (ab80897), which has garnered 23 citations, reflecting its reliability in Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunocytochemistry (ICC). Additionally, we offer the recombinant antibody, Anti-NOX2/gp91phox antibody [EPR28415-13] (ab310337), which is validated for a broader range of applications, including WB, IHC, ICC, immunoprecipitation (IP), and flow cytometry (FC). With 7 citations, this recombinant product ensures batch-to-batch consistency, making it an excellent choice for researchers seeking dependable results in their studies of CYBB. The Anti-NOX2/gp91phox antibody ELISA Kit (ab106940) is an excellent option for researchers looking to measure CYBB in their experiments.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates that the CYBB gene, which encodes the NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) subunit, is relevant in studies focusing on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, particularly in human dendritic cells. This suggests a potential role of CYBB in immune responses and oxidative stress.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
Critical component of the membrane-bound oxidase of phagocytes that generates superoxide. It is the terminal component of a respiratory chain that transfers single electrons from cytoplasmic NADPH across the plasma membrane to molecular oxygen on the exterior. Also functions as a voltage-gated proton channel that mediates the H(+) currents of resting phagocytes. It participates in the regulation of cellular pH and is blocked by zinc.
Involvement in disease
Granulomatous disease, chronic, X-linked
CGDX
A form of chronic granulomatous disease, a primary immunodeficiency characterized by severe recurrent bacterial and fungal infections, along with manifestations of chronic granulomatous inflammation. It results from an impaired ability of phagocytes to mount a burst of reactive oxygen species in response to pathogens.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Immunodeficiency 34
IMD34
A form of Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease, a rare condition characterized by predisposition to illness caused by moderately virulent mycobacterial species, such as Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine, environmental non-tuberculous mycobacteria, and by the more virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Other microorganisms rarely cause severe clinical disease in individuals with susceptibility to mycobacterial infections, with the exception of Salmonella which infects less than 50% of these individuals.
None
Disease susceptibility is associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Post-translational modifications
Glycosylated.
Phosphorylated on Ser and Thr residues.
Undergoes 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination, likely by RNF145, triggering endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation.
Tissue Specificity
Detected in neutrophils (at protein level).
Cellular localization
- Cell membrane
- Multi-pass membrane protein
- As unassembled monomer may localize to the endoplasmic reticulum.
Alternative names
NOX2, CYBB, Cytochrome b-245 heavy chain, CGD91-phox, Cytochrome b(558) subunit beta, Heme-binding membrane glycoprotein gp91phox, NADPH oxidase 2, Neutrophil cytochrome b 91 kDa polypeptide, Superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase heavy chain subunit, gp91-1, gp91-phox, p22 phagocyte B-cytochrome, Cytochrome b558 subunit beta
Database links
swissprot:P04839 entrezGene:1536 omim:300481
Other research areas
- Immuno-oncology