Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule
Domain
Ig-like C2-type domains 7 to 9 are sufficient for interaction with NTN1 and commissural axon outgrowth. The transmembrane domain is necessary for interaction with DCC (By similarity).
Function
Cell adhesion molecule that plays a role in neuronal self-avoidance. Promotes repulsion between specific neuronal processes of either the same cell or the same subtype of cells. Mediates within retinal amacrine and ganglion cell subtypes both isoneuronal self-avoidance for creating an orderly dendritic arborization and heteroneuronal self-avoidance to maintain the mosaic spacing between amacrine and ganglion cell bodies (PubMed:10925149). Receptor for netrin required for axon guidance independently of and in collaboration with the receptor DCC. Might also collaborate with UNC5C in NTN1-mediated axon repulsion independently of DCC (By similarity). In spinal cord development plays a role in guiding commissural axons projection and pathfinding across the ventral midline to reach the floor plate upon ligand binding (PubMed:18585357, PubMed:19196994). Mediates intracellular signaling by stimulating the activation of MAPK8 and MAP kinase p38 (PubMed:18585357, PubMed:19196994). Adhesion molecule that promotes lamina-specific synaptic connections in the retina: expressed in specific subsets of interneurons and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and promotes synaptic connectivity via homophilic interactions (By similarity).
Post-translational modifications
Phosphorylated at tyrosine residues. Phosphorylation is enhanced by NTN1.
Tissue Specificity
Primarily expressed in brain.
Cellular localization
- Isoform Short
- Secreted
- Isoform Long
- Cell membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
- Cell projection
- Axon
- Cell projection
- Dendrite
- Cell projection
- Growth cone
- Synapse
- Localized in the soma, cell membrane, axon and growth cone of dissociated commissural axons.
Alternative names
Cell adhesion molecule DSCAM, CHD2, Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule, DSCAM