DYNC1H1
Domain
Dynein heavy chains probably consist of an N-terminal stem (which binds cargo and interacts with other dynein components), and the head or motor domain. The motor contains six tandemly-linked AAA domains in the head, which form a ring. A stalk-like structure (formed by two of the coiled coil domains) protrudes between AAA 4 and AAA 5 and terminates in a microtubule-binding site. A seventh domain may also contribute to this ring; it is not clear whether the N-terminus or the C-terminus forms this extra domain. There are four well-conserved and two non-conserved ATPase sites, one per AAA domain. Probably only one of these (within AAA 1) actually hydrolyzes ATP, the others may serve a regulatory function.
Function
Cytoplasmic dynein 1 acts as a motor for the intracellular retrograde motility of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. Dynein has ATPase activity; the force-producing power stroke is thought to occur on release of ADP. Plays a role in mitotic spindle assembly and metaphase plate congression (PubMed:27462074).
Involvement in disease
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, axonal, 2O
CMT2O
An axonal form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a disorder of the peripheral nervous system, characterized by progressive weakness and atrophy, initially of the peroneal muscles and later of the distal muscles of the arms. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is classified in two main groups on the basis of electrophysiologic properties and histopathology: primary peripheral demyelinating neuropathies (designated CMT1 when they are dominantly inherited) and primary peripheral axonal neuropathies (CMT2). Neuropathies of the CMT2 group are characterized by signs of axonal degeneration in the absence of obvious myelin alterations, normal or slightly reduced nerve conduction velocities, and progressive distal muscle weakness and atrophy.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Cortical dysplasia, complex, with other brain malformations 13
CDCBM13
An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by global developmental delay with impaired intellectual development. Some patients show signs of peripheral neuropathy, such as abnormal gait and hyporeflexia. CDCBM13 is associated with variable neuronal migration defects resulting in cortical malformations.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Spinal muscular atrophy, lower extremity-predominant 1, autosomal dominant
SMALED1
A form of spinal muscular atrophy, a neuromuscular disorder characterized by degeneration of the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord, leading to symmetrical muscle weakness and atrophy. SMALED1 is characterized by muscle weakness predominantly affecting the proximal lower extremities.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the dynein heavy chain family.
Cellular localization
- Cytoplasm
- Cytoskeleton
Alternative names
DHC1, DNCH1, DNCL, DNECL, DYHC, KIAA0325, DYNC1H1, Cytoplasmic dynein 1 heavy chain 1, Cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain 1