Eng

Developmental stage

Detected in embryo (at protein level). Detected in endothelium from yolk sac vessels.

Domain

The ZP domain mediates dimerization.

The N-terminal OR region is composed of two intertwined domains (OR1 and OR2) with a common, novel fold. Each contains 12 beta-strands that form a parallel beta-helix-like structure, plus a single alpha-helix. The OR1 region mediates interaction with GDF2.

Function

Vascular endothelium glycoprotein that plays an important role in the regulation of angiogenesis (PubMed:10625534). Required for normal structure and integrity of adult vasculature (By similarity). Regulates the migration of vascular endothelial cells (PubMed:17540773). Required for normal extraembryonic angiogenesis and for embryonic heart development (PubMed:10625534). May regulate endothelial cell shape changes in response to blood flow, which drive vascular remodeling and establishment of normal vascular morphology during angiogenesis (PubMed:28530658). May play a role in the binding of endothelial cells to integrins. Acts as a TGF-beta coreceptor and is involved in the TGF-beta/BMP signaling cascade that ultimately leads to the activation of SMAD transcription factors (PubMed:23300529). Required for GDF2/BMP9 signaling through SMAD1 in endothelial cells and modulates TGFB1 signaling through SMAD3 (By similarity).

Tissue Specificity

Detected on blood vessels (at protein level) (PubMed:8194490). Detected on adult pulmonary artery, capillaries supporting the heart muscle and lung alveolar capillary endothelial cells (PubMed:10625534). Endoglin is restricted to endothelial cells in all tissues except bone marrow and is also found in stromal cells within the connective tissue of intestine, stomach, heart, skeletal muscle, uterus, ovary, oviduct, testis and thymus (PubMed:8194490).

Cellular localization

• Cell membrane
• Single-pass type I membrane protein

Alternative names

CD105, Edg, Eng, Endoglin, Cell surface MJ7/18 antigen

Database links

swissprot:Q63961 entrezGene:13805

Other research areas

• Immunology & Infectious Disease