Eno1

Developmental stage

During ontogenesis, there is a transition from the alpha/alpha homodimer to the alpha/beta heterodimer in striated muscle cells, and to the alpha/gamma heterodimer in nerve cells. In embryonic muscle, ENO1 is highly expressed until 17 dpc. Decreased levels from P5.

Function

Glycolytic enzyme the catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate. In addition to glycolysis, involved in various processes such as growth control, hypoxia tolerance and allergic responses. May also function in the intravascular and pericellular fibrinolytic system due to its ability to serve as a receptor and activator of plasminogen on the cell surface of several cell-types such as leukocytes and neurons. Stimulates immunoglobulin production.

Pathway

Carbohydrate degradation; glycolysis; pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate: step 4/5.

Post-translational modifications

ISGylated.

Lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) by p300/EP300 activates the phosphopyruvate hydratase activity.

Sequence Similarities

Belongs to the enolase family.

Tissue Specificity

Testis. Found in the principal piece of sperm tail (at protein level). The alpha/alpha homodimer is expressed in embryo and in most adult tissues. The alpha/beta heterodimer and the beta/beta homodimer are found in striated muscle, and the alpha/gamma heterodimer and the gamma/gamma homodimer in neurons. In striated muscle, expression of ENO1 appears to be independent of fiber type.

Cellular localization

• Cytoplasm
• Cell membrane
• Can translocate to the plasma membrane in either the homodimeric (alpha/alpha) or heterodimeric (alpha/gamma) form (By similarity). ENO1 is localized to the M-band.

Alternative names

Eno-1, Eno1, Alpha-enolase, 2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase, Enolase 1, Non-neural enolase, NNE

Database links

swissprot:P17182 entrezGene:100503183 entrezGene:13806 entrezGene:433182 entrezGene:100045967