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Domain

The NAALADase activity is found in the central region, the dipeptidyl peptidase IV type activity in the C-terminal.

Function

Has both folate hydrolase and N-acetylated-alpha-linked-acidic dipeptidase (NAALADase) activity. Has a preference for tri-alpha-glutamate peptides. In the intestine, required for the uptake of folate. In the brain, modulates excitatory neurotransmission through the hydrolysis of the neuropeptide, N-aceylaspartylglutamate (NAAG), thereby releasing glutamate. Involved in prostate tumor progression.

Also exhibits a dipeptidyl-peptidase IV type activity. In vitro, cleaves Gly-Pro-AMC.

Post-translational modifications

The first two amino acids at the N-terminus of isoform PSMA' appear to be cleaved by limited proteolysis.

The N-terminus is blocked.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the peptidase M28 family. M28B subfamily.

Tissue specificity

Highly expressed in prostate epithelium. Detected in urinary bladder, kidney, testis, ovary, fallopian tube, breast, adrenal gland, liver, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon and brain (at protein level). Detected in the small intestine, brain, kidney, liver, spleen, colon, trachea, spinal cord and the capillary endothelium of a variety of tumors. Expressed specifically in jejunum brush border membranes. In the brain, highly expressed in the ventral striatum and brain stem. Also expressed in fetal liver and kidney. Isoform PSMA' is the most abundant form in normal prostate. Isoform PSMA-1 is the most abundant form in primary prostate tumors. Isoform PSMA-9 is specifically expressed in prostate cancer.

Cellular localization

  • Cell membrane
  • Single-pass type II membrane protein
  • Isoform PSMA'
  • Cytoplasm

Alternative names

FOLH, NAALAD1, PSM, PSMA, GIG27, FOLH1, Glutamate carboxypeptidase 2, Cell growth-inhibiting gene 27 protein, Folate hydrolase 1, Folylpoly-gamma-glutamate carboxypeptidase, Glutamate carboxypeptidase II, Membrane glutamate carboxypeptidase, N-acetylated-alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase I, Prostate-specific membrane antigen, Pteroylpoly-gamma-glutamate carboxypeptidase, FGCP, GCPII, mGCP, NAALADase I

Target type

Proteins

Primary research area

Immuno-oncology

Other research areas

  • Oncology

Molecular weight

84331Da

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