FOLH1
GeneName
FOLH1
Summary
FOLH1, also known as prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), is an 84 kDa glycoprotein expressed predominantly in prostate tissue but also found in other tissues, including the brain and kidney. It is localised to the plasma membrane and plays a role in various biological processes, including the metabolism of folic acid-containing compounds and proteolysis. FOLH1 exhibits carboxypeptidase and dipeptidase activities, facilitating the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. Its ability to bind metal ions and other compounds further contributes to its enzymatic functions, making it a significant player in cellular metabolism and protein processing.
Importance
FOLH1 is relevant to: - Prostate cancer research, as it is overexpressed in prostate cancer cells and serves as a target for imaging and therapeutic strategies. - Studies on folate metabolism, given its role in the metabolism of folic acid-containing compounds, which is crucial for cellular functions. - Development of targeted therapies and drug delivery systems, leveraging its expression patterns in cancerous tissues. - Understanding neurodegenerative diseases, as its expression in the brain suggests potential roles in neurological processes.
Top Products
For researchers investigating FOLH1, we highly recommend the top-selling recombinant antibody, Anti-PSMA antibody [EPR6253] (ab133579). This antibody has been validated for use in immunohistochemistry (IHC), western blotting (WB), and immunoprecipitation (IP), making it a versatile tool for various experimental needs. With 28 citations, it has garnered attention in the research community, reflecting its reliability and effectiveness in detecting FOLH1. This recombinant antibody ensures batch-to-batch consistency, providing researchers with confidence in their results. The Recombinant Human PSMA Protein ELISA Kit (ab283938) is an excellent option for researchers looking to measure FOLH1 in their experiments.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The use of the Abcam antibody ab58779 for detecting FOLH1 in rat glioblastoma samples highlights its relevance in cancer research, particularly in understanding the role of this target in tumour biology.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Domain
The NAALADase activity is found in the central region, the dipeptidyl peptidase IV type activity in the C-terminal.
Function
Has both folate hydrolase and N-acetylated-alpha-linked-acidic dipeptidase (NAALADase) activity. Has a preference for tri-alpha-glutamate peptides. In the intestine, required for the uptake of folate. In the brain, modulates excitatory neurotransmission through the hydrolysis of the neuropeptide, N-aceylaspartylglutamate (NAAG), thereby releasing glutamate. Involved in prostate tumor progression.
Also exhibits a dipeptidyl-peptidase IV type activity. In vitro, cleaves Gly-Pro-AMC.
Post-translational modifications
The first two amino acids at the N-terminus of isoform PSMA' appear to be cleaved by limited proteolysis.
The N-terminus is blocked.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the peptidase M28 family. M28B subfamily.
Tissue Specificity
Highly expressed in prostate epithelium. Detected in urinary bladder, kidney, testis, ovary, fallopian tube, breast, adrenal gland, liver, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon and brain (at protein level). Detected in the small intestine, brain, kidney, liver, spleen, colon, trachea, spinal cord and the capillary endothelium of a variety of tumors. Expressed specifically in jejunum brush border membranes. In the brain, highly expressed in the ventral striatum and brain stem. Also expressed in fetal liver and kidney. Isoform PSMA' is the most abundant form in normal prostate. Isoform PSMA-1 is the most abundant form in primary prostate tumors. Isoform PSMA-9 is specifically expressed in prostate cancer.
Cellular localization
- Cell membrane
- Single-pass type II membrane protein
- Isoform PSMA'
- Cytoplasm
Alternative names
FOLH, NAALAD1, PSM, PSMA, GIG27, FOLH1, Glutamate carboxypeptidase 2, Cell growth-inhibiting gene 27 protein, Folate hydrolase 1, Folylpoly-gamma-glutamate carboxypeptidase, Glutamate carboxypeptidase II, Membrane glutamate carboxypeptidase, N-acetylated-alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase I, Prostate-specific membrane antigen, Pteroylpoly-gamma-glutamate carboxypeptidase, FGCP, GCPII, mGCP, NAALADase I
Database links
swissprot:Q04609 entrezGene:2346 omim:600934
Other research areas
- Oncology