FOXM1
GeneName
FOXM1
Summary
FOXM1, also known as Forkhead box protein M1 or WIN, is a 84kDa transcription factor that plays a vital role in cell cycle regulation and DNA damage response. It is predominantly localised in the nucleus, where it binds to DNA and regulates the transcription of genes involved in cell proliferation and mitotic progression. FOXM1 is implicated in the positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II and is involved in various biological processes including DNA repair and the G2/M transition of the mitotic cell cycle. Its activity is modulated by interactions with other proteins and signalling pathways, particularly in response to cellular stress and DNA damage.
Importance
FOXM1 is relevant to: - Cancer research due to its role in promoting cell proliferation and survival, making it a potential therapeutic target. - Understanding the mechanisms of DNA repair and the cellular response to genotoxic stress, which are critical for maintaining genomic stability. - Investigating the regulation of the cell cycle, particularly the transition from G2 to M phase, which is essential for proper cell division. - The study of various diseases associated with dysregulation of FOXM1, including its involvement in metastasis and tumour progression.
Top Products
For researchers investigating FOXM1, we recommend the well-cited polyclonal antibody, Anti-FOXM1 antibody (ab245309). This antibody has garnered 7 citations, reflecting its reliability and trust within the research community. It is particularly effective for Western blotting (WB) and immunoprecipitation (IP), making it a valuable tool for those studying the functions and interactions of FOXM1. Its proven performance in these applications ensures that you can confidently explore the role of this important gene in your research.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The FOXM1 target has been studied primarily in Rat and Mouse models using various applications such as Western Blot and Immunofluorescence. The consistent use of these antibodies across different studies indicates the importance of FOXM1 in various biological contexts, as evidenced by multiple publications.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Developmental stage
Embryonic expression pattern: liver, lung, intestine, kidney, urinary tract; adult expression pattern: intestine, colon, testis and thymus.
Domain
Within the protein there is a domain which acts as a transcriptional activator. Insertion of a splicing sequence within it inactivates this transcriptional activity, as it is the case for isoform 4.
Function
Transcription factor regulating the expression of cell cycle genes essential for DNA replication and mitosis (PubMed:19160488, PubMed:20360045). Plays a role in the control of cell proliferation (PubMed:19160488). Also plays a role in DNA break repair, participating in the DNA damage checkpoint response (PubMed:17101782). Promotes transcription of PHB2 (PubMed:33754036).
Post-translational modifications
Phosphorylated in M (mitotic) phase (PubMed:17101782, PubMed:19160488, PubMed:30139873). Phosphorylation by the checkpoint kinase CHEK2 in response to DNA damage increases the FOXM1 protein stability probably stimulating the transcription of genes involved in DNA repair (PubMed:17101782). Phosphorylated by CDK1 in late S and G2 phases, creating docking sites for the POLO box domains of PLK1 (PubMed:19160488, PubMed:30139873). Subsequently, PLK1 binds and phosphorylates FOXM1, leading to activation of transcriptional activity and subsequent enhanced expression of key mitotic regulators (PubMed:19160488). Phosphorylated by GSK3B leading to ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation (PubMed:26912724).
Ubiquitinated in a FBXW7-dependent manner leading to proteasomal degradation.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in thymus, testis, small intestine, colon followed by ovary. Appears to be expressed only in adult organs containing proliferating/cycling cells or in response to growth factors. Also expressed in epithelial cell lines derived from tumors. Not expressed in resting cells. Isoform 2 is highly expressed in testis.
Cellular localization
- Nucleus
Alternative names
FKHL16, HFH11, MPP2, WIN, FOXM1, Forkhead box protein M1, Forkhead-related protein FKHL16, Hepatocyte nuclear factor 3 forkhead homolog 11, M-phase phosphoprotein 2, MPM-2 reactive phosphoprotein 2, Transcription factor Trident, Winged-helix factor from INS-1 cells, HFH-11, HNF-3/fork-head homolog 11
Database links
swissprot:Q08050 omim:602341 entrezGene:2305
Other research areas
- Oncology