Gmnn
Developmental stage
Absent during G1 phase, accumulates during S, G2, and M phases, and disappears at the time of the metaphase-anaphase transition.
Function
Inhibits DNA replication by preventing the incorporation of MCM complex into pre-replication complex (pre-RC) (PubMed:12192004, PubMed:9635433). It is degraded during the mitotic phase of the cell cycle. Its destruction at the metaphase-anaphase transition permits replication in the succeeding cell cycle (PubMed:12192004, PubMed:9635433). Inhibits histone acetyltransferase activity of KAT7/HBO1 in a CDT1-dependent manner, inhibiting histone H4 acetylation and DNA replication licensing (By similarity). Inhibits the transcriptional activity of a subset of Hox proteins, enrolling them in cell proliferative control (By similarity).
Post-translational modifications
Phosphorylated during mitosis. Phosphorylation at Ser-181 by CK2 results in enhanced binding to Hox proteins and more potent inhibitory effect on Hox transcriptional activity.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the geminin family.
Cellular localization
- Cytoplasm
- Nucleus
- Mainly cytoplasmic but can be relocalized to the nucleus.
Alternative names
Geminin, Gmnn