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Function

Glycoprotein N

Plays a role in virion attachment to host receptor (PubMed:38182887). This attachment induces virion internalization predominantly through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (PubMed:19088291) Glycoprotein N probably locks the Gn-Gc complex in a prefusion state (PubMed:34793197).

Glycoprotein C

Binds to host cell surface receptor LDLR and mediates fusion between viral and cellular membranes (PubMed:38182887). Attachment to receptor induces virion internalization predominantly through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (PubMed:19088291). Class II fusion protein that promotes fusion of viral membrane with host endosomal membrane after endocytosis of the virion (PubMed:34793197, PubMed:35234630). Exposure of the glycoprotein spikes to potassium is necessary for the conformational change leading to fusion (By similarity).

Post-translational modifications

Envelopment polyprotein

Specific enzymatic cleavage by host MBTPS1/S1P/SKI-1 endopeptidase yield glycoprotein N (PubMed:12885882, PubMed:17898072, PubMed:25933376). Specific enzymatic cleavages by host furin-like protease and MBTPS1/S1P endopeptidase yield GP38 (PubMed:25933376).

Glycoprotein N

Glycosylated.

Glycoprotein C

Glycosylated.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the nairovirus envelope glycoprotein family.

Cellular localization

  • Envelopment polyprotein
  • Host endoplasmic reticulum membrane
  • Glycoprotein N
  • Virion membrane
  • Multi-pass membrane protein
  • Host Golgi apparatus membrane
  • Multi-pass membrane protein
  • Glycoprotein C
  • Virion membrane
  • Single-pass type I membrane protein
  • Host Golgi apparatus membrane
  • Single-pass type I membrane protein
  • Host endoplasmic reticulum membrane
  • Single-pass type I membrane protein
  • Interaction between glycoprotein C and glycoprotein N is essential for proper targeting of glycoprotein C to the Golgi complex, where virion budding occurs.
  • Non-Structural protein M
  • Host Golgi apparatus membrane
  • Multi-pass membrane protein

Alternative names

Envelopment polyprotein, M polyprotein, GP

Target type

Proteins

Primary research area

Immunology & Infectious Disease

Molecular weight

186589Da

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