GP
Function
Glycoprotein N
Plays a role in virion attachment to host receptor (PubMed:38182887). This attachment induces virion internalization predominantly through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (PubMed:19088291) Glycoprotein N probably locks the Gn-Gc complex in a prefusion state (PubMed:34793197).
Glycoprotein C
Binds to host cell surface receptor LDLR and mediates fusion between viral and cellular membranes (PubMed:38182887). Attachment to receptor induces virion internalization predominantly through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (PubMed:19088291). Class II fusion protein that promotes fusion of viral membrane with host endosomal membrane after endocytosis of the virion (PubMed:34793197, PubMed:35234630). Exposure of the glycoprotein spikes to potassium is necessary for the conformational change leading to fusion (By similarity).
Post-translational modifications
Envelopment polyprotein
Specific enzymatic cleavage by host MBTPS1/S1P/SKI-1 endopeptidase yield glycoprotein N (PubMed:12885882, PubMed:17898072, PubMed:25933376). Specific enzymatic cleavages by host furin-like protease and MBTPS1/S1P endopeptidase yield GP38 (PubMed:25933376).
Glycoprotein N
Glycosylated.
Glycoprotein C
Glycosylated.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the nairovirus envelope glycoprotein family.
Cellular localization
- Envelopment polyprotein
- Host endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- Glycoprotein N
- Virion membrane
- Multi-pass membrane protein
- Host Golgi apparatus membrane
- Multi-pass membrane protein
- Glycoprotein C
- Virion membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
- Host Golgi apparatus membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
- Host endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
- Interaction between glycoprotein C and glycoprotein N is essential for proper targeting of glycoprotein C to the Golgi complex, where virion budding occurs.
- Non-Structural protein M
- Host Golgi apparatus membrane
- Multi-pass membrane protein
Alternative names
Envelopment polyprotein, M polyprotein, GP