GPAM
Domain
The HXXXXD motif is essential for acyltransferase activity and contributes to the binding of the cysteamine moiety of the acyl-CoA and the phosphate moiety of the glycerol-3-phosphate.
Function
Mitochondrial membrane protein that catalyzes the essential first step of biosynthesis of glycerolipids such as triglycerides, phosphatidic acids and lysophosphatidic acids (PubMed:18238778, PubMed:19075029, PubMed:36522428). Esterifies acyl-group from acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) to the sn-1 position of glycerol-3-phosphate, to produce lysophosphatidic acid (PubMed:18238778). Has a narrow hydrophobic binding cleft that selects for a linear acyl chain (PubMed:36522428). Catalytic activity is higher for substrates with a 16-carbon acyl chain (PubMed:36522428).
Pathway
Phospholipid metabolism; CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis; CDP-diacylglycerol from sn-glycerol 3-phosphate: step 1/3.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the GPAT/DAPAT family.
Cellular localization
- Mitochondrion outer membrane
- Peripheral membrane protein
- Associated with the mitochondrion outer membrane of hepatic cells via a patch of basic residues.
Alternative names
GPAT1, KIAA1560, GPAM, GPAT-1