GPR35
Function
G-protein coupled receptor that binds to several ligands including the tryptophan metabolite kynurenic acid (KYNA), lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) or 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) with high affinity, leading to rapid and transient activation of numerous intracellular signaling pathways (PubMed:16754668, PubMed:20361937, PubMed:35148838). Plays a role in neutrophil recruitment to sites of inflammation and bacterial clearance through the major serotonin metabolite 5-HIAA that acts as a physiological ligand (PubMed:35148838). Stimulates lipid metabolism, thermogenic, and anti-inflammatory gene expression in adipose tissue once activated by kynurenic acid (By similarity). In macrophages, activation by lysophosphatidic acid promotes GPR35-induced signaling with a distinct transcriptional profile characterized by TNF production associated with ERK and NF-kappa-B activation. In turn, induces chemotaxis of macrophages (By similarity).
Post-translational modifications
Multiply phosphorylated in clusters of serines and threonines in the C-terminal tail (PubMed:35101446). Phosphorylation of Ser-300 and Ser-303 is mediated by GRK5 and/or GRK6 (PubMed:37660910).
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
Tissue Specificity
Predominantly expressed in immune and gastrointestinal tissues.
Cellular localization
- Cell membrane
- Multi-pass membrane protein
- Internalized to the cytoplasm after exposure to kynurenic acid.
Alternative names
G-protein coupled receptor 35, Kynurenic acid receptor, KYNA receptor, GPR35