Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12

Function

Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems (PubMed:12515866, PubMed:15240885, PubMed:15525651, PubMed:16705036, PubMed:16787920, PubMed:17565996, PubMed:22609986, PubMed:23762476, PubMed:27084452). Activates effector molecule RhoA by binding and activating RhoGEFs (ARHGEF12/LARG) (PubMed:12515866, PubMed:15240885, PubMed:16202387). GNA12-dependent Rho signaling subsequently regulates transcription factor AP-1 (activating protein-1) (By similarity). GNA12-dependent Rho signaling also regulates protein phosphatese 2A activation causing dephosphorylation of its target proteins (PubMed:15525651, PubMed:17565996). Promotes tumor cell invasion and metastasis by activating RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway and up-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokine production (PubMed:16705036, PubMed:16787920, PubMed:23762476, PubMed:27084452). Inhibits CDH1-mediated cell adhesion in process independent from Rho activation (PubMed:11976333, PubMed:16787920). Together with NAPA promotes CDH5 localization to plasma membrane (PubMed:15980433). May play a role in the control of cell migration through the TOR signaling cascade (PubMed:22609986).

Sequence Similarities

Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(12) subfamily.

Cellular localization

• Cell membrane
• Lipid-anchor
• Lateral cell membrane
• Lipid-anchor
• Cytoplasm
• CDH1 enhances cell membrane localization.

Alternative names

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12, G alpha-12, G-protein subunit alpha-12, GNA12

Database links

swissprot:Q03113 entrezGene:2768 omim:604394 genbank:NP_031379.2