Gzma
Function
Abundant protease in the cytosolic granules of cytotoxic T-cells and NK-cells which activates caspase-independent pyroptosis when delivered into the target cell through the immunological synapse. It cleaves after Lys or Arg. Cleaves APEX1 after 'Lys-31' and destroys its oxidative repair activity. Cleaves the nucleosome assembly protein SET after 'Lys-189', which disrupts its nucleosome assembly activity and allows the SET complex to translocate into the nucleus to nick and degrade the DNA.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Granzyme subfamily.
Tissue Specificity
Found in cytotoxic lymphocytes and in normal lymphoid tissues such as thymus and spleen.
Isoform HF1
More abundant in lymphoid tissues than isoform HF2.
Cellular localization
- Secreted
- Cytoplasmic granule
- Delivered into the target cell by perforin.
Alternative names
Ctla-3, Ctla3, Mtsp-1, Gzma, Granzyme A, Autocrine thymic lymphoma granzyme-like serine protease, CTLA-3, Fragmentin-1, T cell-specific serine protease 1, TSP-1