Gzmb

Function

Abundant protease in the cytosolic granules of cytotoxic T-cells and NK-cells which activates caspase-independent pyroptosis when delivered into the target cell through the immunological synapse (PubMed:1985927, PubMed:3262682, PubMed:3263427). It cleaves after Asp (PubMed:1985927, PubMed:8258716). Once delivered into the target cell, acts by catalyzing cleavage of gasdermin-E (GSDME), releasing the pore-forming moiety of GSDME, thereby triggering pyroptosis and target cell death (PubMed:31953257, PubMed:32188940). Seems to be linked to an activation cascade of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases) responsible for apoptosis execution. Cleaves caspase-3, -9 and -10 (CASP3, CASP9 and CASP10, respectively) to give rise to active enzymes mediating apoptosis (PubMed:9852092). Cleaves and activates CASP7 in response to bacterial infection, promoting plasma membrane repair (By similarity).

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Granzyme subfamily.

Cellular localization

• Secreted
• Cytolytic granule
• Delivered into the target cell by perforin (PubMed:20038786).

Alternative names

• CGL1
• CSPB
• CTLA1
• GRB
• GRB
• CTLA1
• CSPB
• CGL1
• GZMB
• Granzyme B
• C11
• CTLA-1
• Cathepsin G-like 1
• Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte proteinase 2
• Fragmentin-2
• Granzyme-2
• Human lymphocyte protein
• SECT
• T-cell serine protease 1-3E
• CTSGL1
• Lymphocyte protease
• HLP

Database links

• entrezGene:3002
• omim:123910
• swissprot:P10144

Target type

Proteins

Primary research area

Immuno-oncology

Other research areas

• Immunology & Infectious Disease

Molecular weight

27716Da