HAT1
Developmental stage
Highly expressed in mitotic cells (at protein level).
Function
Histone acetyltransferase that plays a role in different biological processes including cell cycle progression, glucose metabolism, histone production or DNA damage repair (PubMed:20953179, PubMed:23653357, PubMed:31278053, PubMed:32081014). Coordinates histone production and acetylation via H4 promoter binding (PubMed:31278053). Acetylates histone H4 at 'Lys-5' (H4K5ac) and 'Lys-12' (H4K12ac) and, to a lesser extent, histone H2A at 'Lys-5' (H2AK5ac) (PubMed:11585814, PubMed:22615379). Drives H4 production by chromatin binding to support chromatin replication and acetylation. Since transcription of H4 genes is tightly coupled to S-phase, plays an important role in S-phase entry and progression (PubMed:31278053). Promotes homologous recombination in DNA repair by facilitating histone turnover and incorporation of acetylated H3.3 at sites of double-strand breaks (PubMed:23653357). In addition, acetylates other substrates such as chromatin-related proteins (PubMed:32081014). Acetylates also RSAD2 which mediates the interaction of ubiquitin ligase UBE4A with RSAD2 leading to RSAD2 ubiquitination and subsequent degradation (PubMed:31812350).
(Microbial infection) Contributes to hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication by acetylating histone H4 at the sites of 'Lys-5' and 'Lys-12' on the covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) minichromosome leading to its accumulation within the host cell.
Post-translational modifications
Phosphorylated by AMPK at Ser-190; phosphorylation increases HAT1 activity.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the HAT1 family.
Cellular localization
- Isoform A
- Nucleus matrix
- Mitochondrion
- Isoform B
- Cytoplasm
- Nucleus
- Nucleus matrix
- Nucleus
- Nucleoplasm
- Localization is predominantly nuclear in normal cells. Treatment with hydrogen peroxide or ionizing radiation enhances nuclear localization through redistribution of existing protein.
Alternative names
KAT1, HAT1, Histone acetyltransferase type B catalytic subunit, Histone acetyltransferase 1