HDAC1
GeneName
HDAC1
Summary
HDAC1, also known as histone deacetylase 1, Rpd3, or HD1, is a 55 kDa enzyme that plays a pivotal role in the regulation of gene expression through its histone deacetylase activity. It is primarily localised in the nucleus, but can also be found in the cytoplasm and other cellular compartments such as chromatin and the nucleoplasm. HDAC1 is involved in chromatin organisation and remodeling, and functions as a transcriptional repressor by removing acetyl groups from histones, leading to a more compact chromatin structure that inhibits transcription. This protein is a component of several complexes, including the NuRD complex and Sin3-type complex, which further mediate its repressive functions in various biological processes, including neuronal differentiation and response to growth factors.
Importance
HDAC1 is relevant to: - Epigenetic regulation of gene expression, influencing developmental processes and cell differentiation. - Cancer research, as its dysregulation is often associated with tumourigenesis and poor prognosis in various cancers. - Neurological studies, due to its role in neuronal differentiation and potential implications in neurodegenerative diseases. - Regulation of immune responses, particularly in the context of viral infections and inflammation, through its influence on transcription factors like NF-kappaB and p53.
Top Products
For researchers investigating HDAC1, we recommend two excellent primary antibodies that cater to a variety of applications. The first is the well-cited polyclonal antibody, Anti-HDAC1 antibody - Nuclear Loading Control (ab7028), which has garnered 250 citations, reflecting its reliability and trust within the research community. This antibody is particularly effective for Western blotting (WB), immunoprecipitation (IP), and immunocytochemistry (ICC).In addition, we offer the recombinant antibody, Anti-HDAC1 antibody [EPR460(2)] - Nuclear Loading Control (ab109411). This product has been validated in knockout models and is suitable for a broader range of applications, including Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and flow cytometry (FC). With 62 citations, it demonstrates a solid presence in the literature. The recombinant nature of this antibody ensures batch-to-batch consistency, making it an excellent choice for researchers seeking dependable HDAC1 detection. The Anti-HDAC1 antibody [mAbcam 68436] - Nuclear Loading Control ELISA Kit (ab68436), supported by 3 citations, is an excellent option for researchers looking to accurately assess HDAC1 levels in their experiments.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates that HDAC1 is a significant target in various cancer studies, particularly in human hepatocellular carcinoma and breast cancer. The use of Abcam antibodies in both Western blotting and immunohistochemistry highlights the importance of HDAC1 in understanding cellular mechanisms and responses to treatments. Additionally, studies involving mouse models provide insights into the role of HDAC1 in brain development and epigenetic regulation.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
Histone deacetylase that catalyzes the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) (PubMed:16762839, PubMed:17704056, PubMed:28497810). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events (PubMed:16762839, PubMed:17704056). Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (PubMed:16762839, PubMed:17704056). Acts as a component of the histone deacetylase NuRD complex which participates in the remodeling of chromatin (PubMed:16428440, PubMed:28977666). As part of the SIN3B complex is recruited downstream of the constitutively active genes transcriptional start sites through interaction with histones and mitigates histone acetylation and RNA polymerase II progression within transcribed regions contributing to the regulation of transcription (PubMed:21041482). Also functions as a deacetylase for non-histone targets, such as NR1D2, RELA, SP1, SP3, STAT3, ZNF76 and TSHZ3 (PubMed:12837748, PubMed:16285960, PubMed:16337145, PubMed:16478997, PubMed:17996965, PubMed:19343227). Deacetylates SP proteins, SP1 and SP3, and regulates their function (PubMed:12837748, PubMed:16478997). Component of the BRG1-RB1-HDAC1 complex, which negatively regulates the CREST-mediated transcription in resting neurons (PubMed:19081374). Upon calcium stimulation, HDAC1 is released from the complex and CREBBP is recruited, which facilitates transcriptional activation (PubMed:19081374). Deacetylates TSHZ3 and regulates its transcriptional repressor activity (PubMed:19343227). Deacetylates 'Lys-310' in RELA and thereby inhibits the transcriptional activity of NF-kappa-B (PubMed:17000776). Deacetylates NR1D2 and abrogates the effect of KAT5-mediated relieving of NR1D2 transcription repression activity (PubMed:17996965). Component of a RCOR/GFI/KDM1A/HDAC complex that suppresses, via histone deacetylase (HDAC) recruitment, a number of genes implicated in multilineage blood cell development (By similarity). Involved in CIART-mediated transcriptional repression of the circadian transcriptional activator: CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer (By similarity). Required for the transcriptional repression of circadian target genes, such as PER1, mediated by the large PER complex or CRY1 through histone deacetylation (By similarity). In addition to protein deacetylase activity, also has protein-lysine deacylase activity: acts as a protein decrotonylase and delactylase by mediating decrotonylation ((2E)-butenoyl) and delactylation (lactoyl) of histones, respectively (PubMed:28497810, PubMed:35044827).
Post-translational modifications
Sumoylated on Lys-444 and Lys-476; which promotes enzymatic activity. Desumoylated by SENP1.
Phosphorylation on Ser-421 and Ser-423 promotes enzymatic activity and interactions with NuRD and SIN3 complexes. Phosphorylated by CDK5.
Ubiquitinated by CHFR, leading to its degradation by the proteasome. Ubiquitinated by KCTD11, leading to proteasomal degradation.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD type 1 subfamily.
Tissue Specificity
Ubiquitous, with higher levels in heart, pancreas and testis, and lower levels in kidney and brain.
Cellular localization
- Nucleus
Alternative names
RPD3L1, HDAC1, Histone deacetylase 1, HD1, Protein deacetylase HDAC1, Protein deacylase HDAC1