HDAC6
GeneName
HDAC6
Summary
HDAC6, also known as histone deacetylase 6 or HD6, is a 131 kDa enzyme that primarily functions as a histone deacetylase, playing a pivotal role in the regulation of gene expression through the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues on histones and non-histone proteins. It is predominantly localised in the cytoplasm, with presence in cellular structures such as the aggresome, axon, and centrosome. HDAC6 is involved in various biological processes including protein quality control, aggresome assembly, and the regulation of microtubule dynamics. Its interactions with multiple proteins, such as dynein and tubulin, facilitate its role in axonal transport and the cellular response to misfolded proteins.
Importance
HDAC6 is relevant to: - Neurodegenerative diseases, as it is implicated in the clearance of misfolded proteins and the maintenance of protein homeostasis. - Cancer biology, due to its involvement in the regulation of oncogenic pathways and potential as a therapeutic target for HDAC inhibitors. - Immune responses, particularly in the context of antiviral innate immunity and the modulation of inflammatory processes. - Cellular stress responses, as it plays a role in the cellular adaptation to oxidative stress and heat shock.
Top Products
For researchers investigating HDAC6, we highly recommend the top-selling recombinant monoclonal antibody, Anti-HDAC6 antibody [EPR1698(2)] (ab133493). This antibody has been validated in knockout models, ensuring reliable performance in various applications, including Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and flow cytometry (FC). With 19 citations, it is well-regarded in the research community, making it an excellent choice for those seeking dependable detection of HDAC6.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates that the Abcam antibody ab133493 is extensively used to study HDAC6 in various human tissues and cell lines, particularly in the context of endometrial cancer and its regulation by miR-206. The consistent application of both Western blotting and immunohistochemistry highlights the importance of HDAC6 in cancer research.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) (PubMed:10220385). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events (PubMed:10220385). Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (PubMed:10220385). In addition to histones, deacetylates other proteins, such as CTTN, tubulin and SQSTM1 (PubMed:12024216, PubMed:20308065, PubMed:26246421, PubMed:30538141, PubMed:31857589). Plays a central role in microtubule-dependent cell motility by mediating deacetylation of tubulin (PubMed:12024216, PubMed:20308065, PubMed:26246421). Required for cilia disassembly; via deacetylation of alpha-tubulin (PubMed:17604723, PubMed:26246421). Promotes deacetylation of CTTN, leading to actin polymerization, promotion of autophagosome-lysosome fusion and completion of autophagy (PubMed:30538141). Involved in the MTA1-mediated epigenetic regulation of ESR1 expression in breast cancer (PubMed:24413532). Promotes odontoblast differentiation following IPO7-mediated nuclear import and subsequent repression of RUNX2 expression (By similarity). In addition to its protein deacetylase activity, plays a key role in the degradation of misfolded proteins: when misfolded proteins are too abundant to be degraded by the chaperone refolding system and the ubiquitin-proteasome, mediates the transport of misfolded proteins to a cytoplasmic juxtanuclear structure called aggresome (PubMed:17846173). Probably acts as an adapter that recognizes polyubiquitinated misfolded proteins and target them to the aggresome, facilitating their clearance by autophagy (PubMed:17846173).
Involvement in disease
Chondrodysplasia with platyspondyly, distinctive brachydactyly, hydrocephaly, and microphthalmia
CDP-PBHM
A disease characterized by chondrodysplasia, severe platyspondyly, hydrocephaly, and facial features with microphthalmia. Bone abnormalities include a distinctive metaphyseal cupping of the metacarpals, metatarsals, and phalanges. Affected females show a milder phenotype with small stature, sometimes associated with body asymmetry and mild intellectual disability.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Post-translational modifications
Phosphorylated by AURKA; phosphorylation increases HDAC6-mediated deacetylation of alpha-tubulin and subsequent disassembly of cilia.
Ubiquitinated. Its polyubiquitination however does not lead to its degradation.
Sumoylated in vitro.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD type 2 subfamily.
Cellular localization
- Cytoplasm
- Cytoplasm
- Cytoskeleton
- Nucleus
- Perikaryon
- Cell projection
- Dendrite
- Cell projection
- Axon
- Cell projection
- Cilium
- Cytoplasm
- Cytoskeleton
- Microtubule organizing center
- Centrosome
- Cytoplasm
- Cytoskeleton
- Cilium basal body
- It is mainly cytoplasmic, where it is associated with microtubules.
Alternative names
KIAA0901, JM21, HDAC6, Histone deacetylase 6, HD6, Protein deacetylase HDAC6, Tubulin-lysine deacetylase HDAC6