HLA-DPB1

GeneName

HLA-DPB1

Summary

HLA-DPB1, also referred to as MHC class II, is a 29kDa transmembrane glycoprotein that is primarily expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells, including dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells. It plays a crucial role in the adaptive immune response by binding peptide antigens and presenting them to CD4+ T cells. This interaction is essential for T cell activation and proliferation, as well as for the regulation of immune responses. HLA-DPB1 is involved in various cellular components, including the plasma membrane and various endosomal and Golgi membranes, facilitating the transport and processing of antigenic peptides.

Importance

HLA-DPB1 is relevant to: - The adaptive immune response through its role in antigen presentation and T cell activation - Autoimmune diseases, as variations in HLA-DPB1 can influence susceptibility - Transplant immunology, where matching HLA-DPB1 alleles is critical for graft acceptance - Infectious diseases, as it can affect the immune response to pathogens and influence vaccine efficacy

Top Products

For researchers investigating HLA-DPB1, we recommend two excellent primary antibodies. The first is the well-cited monoclonal antibody, Anti-MHC Class II antibody [MRC OX-6] (ab23990), which has garnered 65 citations and is particularly effective for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunocytochemistry (ICC). This antibody is a trusted choice for those looking to study MHC Class II molecules.Additionally, we offer the recombinant antibody, Anti-HLA-DPB1 antibody [EPR11226] (ab157210). This product has been validated for a broader range of applications, including IHC, western blotting (WB), immunocytochemistry (ICC), and immunoprecipitation (IP), making it a versatile option for researchers. With 23 citations, it is gaining recognition in the field. The recombinant nature of this antibody ensures batch-to-batch consistency, providing reliable results for your HLA-DPB1 studies. The Anti-HLA-DPB1 antibody ELISA Kit (ab259802) is an excellent option for researchers looking to measure HLA-DPB1 levels in their samples.

Abcam Product Citation Summary

The data indicates that HLA-DPB1 is being studied in various contexts, particularly in relation to microglia activation and photoreceptor apoptosis in mouse models. Additionally, there is research involving human cardiogenic mesoderm cells, highlighting the relevance of HLA-DPB1 in both mouse and human studies.

Abcam Product Citation Table

Function

Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. The peptide binding cleft accommodates peptides of 10-30 residues. The peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are generated mostly by degradation of proteins that access the endocytic route, where they are processed by lysosomal proteases and other hydrolases. Exogenous antigens that have been endocytosed by the APC are thus readily available for presentation via MHC II molecules, and for this reason this antigen presentation pathway is usually referred to as exogenous. As membrane proteins on their way to degradation in lysosomes as part of their normal turn-over are also contained in the endosomal/lysosomal compartments, exogenous antigens must compete with those derived from endogenous components. Autophagy is also a source of endogenous peptides, autophagosomes constitutively fuse with MHC class II loading compartments. In addition to APCs, other cells of the gastrointestinal tract, such as epithelial cells, express MHC class II molecules and CD74 and act as APCs, which is an unusual trait of the GI tract. To produce a MHC class II molecule that presents an antigen, three MHC class II molecules (heterodimers of an alpha and a beta chain) associate with a CD74 trimer in the ER to form a heterononamer. Soon after the entry of this complex into the endosomal/lysosomal system where antigen processing occurs, CD74 undergoes a sequential degradation by various proteases, including CTSS and CTSL, leaving a small fragment termed CLIP (class-II-associated invariant chain peptide). The removal of CLIP is facilitated by HLA-DM via direct binding to the alpha-beta-CLIP complex so that CLIP is released. HLA-DM stabilizes MHC class II molecules until primary high affinity antigenic peptides are bound. The MHC II molecule bound to a peptide is then transported to the cell membrane surface. In B-cells, the interaction between HLA-DM and MHC class II molecules is regulated by HLA-DO. Primary dendritic cells (DCs) also to express HLA-DO. Lysosomal microenvironment has been implicated in the regulation of antigen loading into MHC II molecules, increased acidification produces increased proteolysis and efficient peptide loading.

Sequence Similarities

Belongs to the MHC class II family.

Cellular localization

• Cell membrane
• Single-pass type I membrane protein
• Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
• Single-pass type I membrane protein
• Golgi apparatus
• trans-Golgi network membrane
• Single-pass type I membrane protein
• Endosome membrane
• Single-pass type I membrane protein
• Lysosome membrane
• Single-pass type I membrane protein
• The MHC class II complex transits through a number of intracellular compartments in the endocytic pathway until it reaches the cell membrane for antigen presentation.

Alternative names

HLA-DP1B, HLA-DPB1, MHC class II antigen DPB1

Database links

swissprot:P04440 swissprot:P01903 entrezGene:3127 entrezGene:3126 entrezGene:3125 entrezGene:3123 entrezGene:3122 entrezGene:3119 entrezGene:3117 entrezGene:3115 entrezGene:972 swissprot:Q30631 swissprot:P79483 swissprot:P13763 swissprot:P04232 swissprot:P01916 swissprot:P01913 omim:146880 omim:142880 omim:142860 omim:142858 omim:142800

Other research areas

• Immunology & Infectious Disease