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IFNAR2

Function

Together with IFNAR1, forms the heterodimeric receptor for type I interferons (including interferons alpha, beta, epsilon, omega and kappa) (PubMed:10049744, PubMed:10556041, PubMed:21854986, PubMed:26424569, PubMed:28165510, PubMed:32972995, PubMed:7665574, PubMed:7759950, PubMed:8181059, PubMed:8798579, PubMed:8969169). Type I interferon binding activates the JAK-STAT signaling cascade, resulting in transcriptional activation or repression of interferon-regulated genes that encode the effectors of the interferon response (PubMed:10049744, PubMed:17517919, PubMed:21854986, PubMed:26424569, PubMed:28165510, PubMed:32972995, PubMed:7665574, PubMed:7759950, PubMed:8181059, PubMed:8798579, PubMed:8969169). Mechanistically, type I interferon-binding brings the IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 subunits into close proximity with one another, driving their associated Janus kinases (JAKs) (TYK2 bound to IFNAR1 and JAK1 bound to IFNAR2) to cross-phosphorylate one another (PubMed:10556041, PubMed:11682488, PubMed:12105218, PubMed:21854986, PubMed:32972995). The activated kinases phosphorylate specific tyrosine residues on the intracellular domains of IFNAR1 and IFNAR2, forming docking sites for the STAT transcription factors (STAT1, STAT2 and STAT) (PubMed:11682488, PubMed:12105218, PubMed:21854986, PubMed:32972995). STAT proteins are then phosphorylated by the JAKs, promoting their translocation into the nucleus to regulate expression of interferon-regulated genes (PubMed:12105218, PubMed:28165510, PubMed:9121453).

Isoform 3

Potent inhibitor of type I IFN receptor activity.

Involvement in disease

Immunodeficiency 45

IMD45

An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by increased susceptibility to viral infection due to impaired antiviral immunity, resulting in infection-associated encephalopathy. Affected individuals are at risk for developing fatal encephalitis after routine measles/mumps/rubella (MMR) vaccination.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Post-translational modifications

Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues upon interferon binding. Phosphorylation at Tyr-337 or Tyr-512 are sufficient to mediate interferon dependent activation of STAT1, STAT2 and STAT3 leading to antiproliferative effects on many different cell types.

Glycosylated.

Sequence Similarities

Belongs to the type II cytokine receptor family.

Tissue Specificity

Isoform 3 is detected in the urine (at protein level) (PubMed:7759950, PubMed:8181059). Expressed in blood cells. Expressed in lymphoblastoid and fibrosarcoma cell lines.

Cellular localization

Alternative names

IFNABR, IFNARB, IFNAR2, Interferon alpha/beta receptor 2, IFN-R-2, IFN-alpha binding protein, IFN-alpha/beta receptor 2, Interferon alpha binding protein, Type I interferon receptor 2

swissprot:P48551 entrezGene:3455 omim:602376

Other research areas