IL10
GeneName
IL10
Summary
IL10, also known as interleukin 10, is a 21 kDa cytokine that is secreted into the extracellular region and plays a vital role in immune regulation. It is primarily produced by monocytes, macrophages, and T cells, and functions to inhibit inflammatory responses and promote B cell differentiation and proliferation. IL10 engages with its receptor to activate various signalling pathways, including the interleukin-10-mediated signalling pathway, which modulates immune responses and promotes tissue repair. Its activity includes both positive and negative regulation of cytokine production and immune cell functions, making it a crucial mediator in maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing excessive inflammation.
Importance
IL10 is relevant to: - Modulating immune responses, particularly in chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmune disorders due to its anti-inflammatory properties. - Enhancing B cell function and antibody production, which is essential for effective humoral immunity. - Promoting tissue healing and regeneration, particularly in the liver, through its role in cell proliferation and apoptosis regulation. - Potential therapeutic applications in conditions such as sepsis, where it may help to counteract excessive inflammation and restore immune balance.
Top Products
For researchers investigating IL10, we recommend two excellent primary antibodies. The first is the well-cited polyclonal antibody, Anti-IL-10 antibody (ab34843), which has garnered 104 citations, underscoring its reliability in Western blotting (WB). This product is a trusted choice for those looking to study IL10 in detail. Additionally, we offer the recombinant antibody, Anti-IL-10 antibody [EPR1114] (ab133575), which has been validated for use in WB, flow cytometry (FC), and immunocytochemistry (ICC). With 37 citations, this recombinant option provides the added benefit of batch-to-batch consistency, making it an excellent choice for researchers requiring dependable performance across multiple applications. The Human IL-10 ELISA Kit, Fluorescent (ab229436) is an excellent option for researchers looking to accurately measure IL-10 levels in their samples.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates a significant focus on IL10 in various biological contexts, particularly in human studies related to cancer, inflammation, and immune response. The use of antibodies in both Western blotting and immunohistochemistry highlights the importance of IL10 in understanding tumor microenvironments and neurological conditions such as epilepsy and spinal cord injury. Additionally, the analysis of IL10 in human samples suggests its relevance in clinical settings, including the prediction of bacteremia and the study of immune cell populations.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
Major immune regulatory cytokine that acts on many cells of the immune system where it has profound anti-inflammatory functions, limiting excessive tissue disruption caused by inflammation. Mechanistically, IL10 binds to its heterotetrameric receptor comprising IL10RA and IL10RB leading to JAK1 and STAT2-mediated phosphorylation of STAT3 (PubMed:16982608). In turn, STAT3 translocates to the nucleus where it drives expression of anti-inflammatory mediators (PubMed:18025162). Targets antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and monocytes and inhibits their release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor /GM-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor/G-CSF, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF (PubMed:11564774, PubMed:1940799, PubMed:7512027). Also interferes with antigen presentation by reducing the expression of MHC-class II and co-stimulatory molecules, thereby inhibiting their ability to induce T cell activation (PubMed:8144879). In addition, controls the inflammatory response of macrophages by reprogramming essential metabolic pathways including mTOR signaling (By similarity).
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the IL-10 family.
Tissue Specificity
Produced by a variety of cell lines, including T-cells, macrophages, mast cells and other cell types.
Cellular localization
- Secreted
Alternative names
Interleukin-10, IL-10, Cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor, CSIF, IL10
Database links
swissprot:P22301 entrezGene:3586 omim:124092
Other research areas
- Immuno-oncology
- Neuroscience