IL15
GeneName
IL15
Summary
IL15, also known as interleukin-15, is an 18kDa cytokine that plays a vital role in the immune system. It is primarily expressed in the cytoplasm and secreted into the extracellular space, where it engages in cell-cell signalling. IL15 is involved in the maturation and differentiation of various immune cells, including natural killer (NK) cells and T cells, and is crucial for the proliferation of these cells. It participates in several biological processes such as immune response, lymph node development, and macrophage differentiation, and is known to bind to its receptors to mediate these functions.
Importance
IL15 is relevant to: - Enhancing immune responses, particularly in the context of cancer immunotherapy, by promoting the survival and proliferation of NK and T cells. - Understanding autoimmune diseases, as it influences the activation and differentiation of immune cells. - Investigating viral infections, given its role in the regulation of immune responses to viral pathogens. - Studying metabolic disorders, due to its involvement in the regulation of thermogenesis and inflammatory responses.
Top Products
For researchers investigating IL15, we recommend two primary antibodies that stand out for their performance and reliability. The first is the well-cited monoclonal antibody, Anti-IL-15 antibody [3A3] (ab55276), which has garnered 13 citations and is particularly effective in flow cytometry (FC) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). This product is a trusted choice for those looking to study IL15 in various contexts. Additionally, we offer the recombinant antibody, Anti-IL-15 antibody [EPR22635-214] (ab273625), which is validated for use in flow cytometry (FC), western blotting (WB), and immunoprecipitation (IP). With 5 citations, this recombinant antibody provides the batch-to-batch consistency that many researchers seek. Together, these antibodies provide a comprehensive toolkit for studying IL15 effectively. The Recombinant human IL-15 protein (Active) ELISA Kit (ab259403) is a reliable option for researchers looking to measure IL-15 in their experiments.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates that IL15 is being studied in the context of acute lung injury (ALI) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in human serum samples. Additionally, IL15 detection in human bone marrow mononuclear cells highlights its relevance in immune responses, particularly in relation to cytomegalovirus infection.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
Cytokine that plays a major role in the development of inflammatory and protective immune responses to microbial invaders and parasites by modulating immune cells of both the innate and adaptive immune systems (PubMed:15123770). Stimulates the proliferation of natural killer cells, T-cells and B-cells and promotes the secretion of several cytokines (PubMed:8178155, PubMed:9326248). In monocytes, induces the production of IL8 and monocyte chemotactic protein 1/CCL2, two chemokines that attract neutrophils and monocytes respectively to sites of infection (PubMed:9326248). Unlike most cytokines, which are secreted in soluble form, IL15 is expressed in association with its high affinity IL15RA on the surface of IL15-producing cells and delivers signals to target cells that express IL2RB and IL2RG receptor subunits (PubMed:10233906, PubMed:23104097, PubMed:8026467). Binding to its receptor triggers the phosphorylation of JAK1 and JAK3 and the recruitment and subsequent phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3/STAT3 and STAT5 (PubMed:7568001). In mast cells, induces the rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT6 and thereby controls mast cell survival and release of cytokines such as IL4 (By similarity).
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the IL-15/IL-21 family.
Tissue Specificity
Most abundant in placenta and skeletal muscle. It is also detected in the heart, lung, liver and kidney. IL15-S21AA is preferentially expressed in tissues such as testis and thymus.
Cellular localization
- Isoform IL15-S48AA
- Secreted
- Isoform IL15-S21AA
- Cytoplasm
- Nucleus
- IL15-S21AA is not secreted, but rather is stored intracellularly, appearing in the nucleus and cytoplasmic components.
Alternative names
Interleukin-15, IL-15, IL15
Database links
swissprot:P40933 omim:600554 entrezGene:3600
Other research areas
- Immuno-oncology