INS
GeneName
INS
Summary
Insulin, also known as hINS, is a 12kDa peptide hormone primarily produced by the beta cells of the pancreas. It is secreted into the bloodstream and plays a pivotal role in glucose homeostasis and metabolism. Insulin acts by binding to insulin receptors on various tissues, triggering a cascade of cellular responses that facilitate glucose uptake, fatty acid synthesis, and protein metabolism. It is involved in numerous biological processes, including cell-cell signalling, activation of protein kinase B, and regulation of feeding behaviour. Insulin is also localised to various cellular compartments such as the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and secretory granules, reflecting its synthesis and secretion pathway.
Importance
Insulin is important in biological research for: - Understanding diabetes mellitus and its associated metabolic disorders due to its central role in glucose regulation - Investigating obesity and its impact on insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome - Exploring the mechanisms of insulin signalling pathways and their implications in cancer biology - Studying neurodegenerative diseases, as insulin signalling is linked to cognitive functions and neuronal health - Developing therapeutic strategies targeting insulin receptors and related pathways for various diseases.
Top Products
For researchers investigating insulin (INS), we highly recommend the top-selling recombinant monoclonal antibody, Anti-Insulin antibody [EPR17359] (ab181547). This antibody has been validated for use in immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunocytochemistry (ICC), and western blotting (WB), making it a versatile tool for various experimental needs. With 153 citations, it is well-regarded in the research community, reflecting its reliability and effectiveness in detecting insulin. This product is an excellent choice for those seeking consistent and high-quality results in their studies. The Human C-Peptide ELISA Kit (ab260064) is an excellent option for researchers looking to measure C-Peptide levels in their samples.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates that Abcam antibodies targeting INS are primarily used in studies related to pancreatic function and diseases, particularly focusing on insulin expression, secretion, and related pathologies such as pancreatic islet amyloidosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The studies involve various species, including mouse, rat, and human, highlighting the relevance of INS in both basic research and potential clinical applications.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.
Involvement in disease
Hyperproinsulinemia
HPRI
An autosomal dominant condition characterized by elevated levels of serum proinsulin-like material.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus 2
T1D2
A multifactorial disorder of glucose homeostasis that is characterized by susceptibility to ketoacidosis in the absence of insulin therapy. Clinical features are polydipsia, polyphagia and polyuria which result from hyperglycemia-induced osmotic diuresis and secondary thirst. These derangements result in long-term complications that affect the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and blood vessels.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Diabetes mellitus, permanent neonatal, 4
PNDM4
A form of permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus, a type of diabetes characterized by onset of persistent hyperglycemia within the first six months of life. Initial clinical manifestations include intrauterine growth retardation, hyperglycemia, glycosuria, osmotic polyuria, severe dehydration, and failure to thrive. PNDM4 transmission pattern is consistent with autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive inheritance.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young 10
MODY10
A form of diabetes that is characterized by an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, onset in childhood or early adulthood (usually before 25 years of age), a primary defect in insulin secretion and frequent insulin-independence at the beginning of the disease.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the insulin family.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed by pancreatic beta-cells (at protein level).
Cellular localization
- Secreted
Alternative names
Insulin, INS
Database links
swissprot:P01308 omim:176730 entrezGene:3630
Other research areas
- Oncology