Islet amyloid polypeptide
Domain
The mature protein is largely unstructured in the absence of a cognate ligand, and has a strong tendency to form fibrillar aggregates. Homodimerization may be the first step of amyloid formation.
Function
Amylin/IAPP is a glucoregulatory peptide hormone that plays an important role in the regulation of energy homeostasis (PubMed:2690069). Selectively inhibits insulin-stimulated glucose utilization and glycogen deposition in muscle, while not affecting adipocyte glucose metabolism. IAPP function is mediated by the CALCR-RAMPs (AMYRs) receptor complexes (By similarity). Amylin can also bind CALCR receptor in the absence of RAMPs, although it is more selective for AMYRs (By similarity).
Post-translational modifications
Amyloid fibrils are degraded by insulin-degrading enzyme IDE.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the calcitonin family.
Cellular localization
- Secreted
Alternative names
Islet amyloid polypeptide, IAPP, Amylin, Diabetes-associated peptide, Insulinoma amyloid peptide, DAP