JUN
GeneName
JUN
Summary
JUN, also known as AP-1 or activator protein 1, is a 36 kDa transcription factor that plays a pivotal role in regulating gene expression in response to various stimuli. It is primarily located in the nucleus, where it associates with chromatin and forms part of the transcription factor AP-1 complex. JUN is involved in binding to DNA, specifically recognising cAMP response elements and regulating transcription by RNA polymerase II. It participates in multiple biological pathways, including apoptosis, angiogenesis, and stress response signalling, and is crucial for processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation.
Importance
JUN is relevant to: - Cancer biology due to its role in regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis, impacting tumour growth and survival - Neurobiology, particularly in processes such as axon regeneration and microglial activation - Cardiovascular research through its involvement in angiogenesis and endothelial cell proliferation - Viral infections, as it is implicated in the regulation of viral transcription and latency
Top Products
For researchers investigating JUN, we highly recommend the Anti-c-Jun antibody [E254] - ChIP Grade (ab32137). This top-selling recombinant antibody has garnered 116 citations, reflecting its strong reputation in the field. It is validated for use in several applications, including Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and immunoprecipitation (IP). Its versatility and reliability make it an excellent choice for those seeking consistent results in their JUN studies.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates that JUN is being studied in various contexts, including gene expression related to invasion in human cells and protective effects in mouse neurons. Additionally, JUN is implicated in nerve regeneration and inflammatory responses in mouse models. The use of multiple applications such as Western blotting and immunofluorescence highlights the importance of JUN in various biological processes across different species.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
Transcription factor that recognizes and binds to the AP-1 consensus motif 5'-TGA[GC]TCA-3' (PubMed:10995748, PubMed:22083952). Heterodimerizes with proteins of the FOS family to form an AP-1 transcription complex, thereby enhancing its DNA binding activity to the AP-1 consensus sequence 5'-TGA[GC]TCA-3' and enhancing its transcriptional activity (By similarity). Together with FOSB, plays a role in activation-induced cell death of T cells by binding to the AP-1 promoter site of FASLG/CD95L, and inducing its transcription in response to activation of the TCR/CD3 signaling pathway (PubMed:12618758). Promotes activity of NR5A1 when phosphorylated by HIPK3 leading to increased steroidogenic gene expression upon cAMP signaling pathway stimulation (PubMed:17210646). Involved in activated KRAS-mediated transcriptional activation of USP28 in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells (PubMed:24623306). Binds to the USP28 promoter in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells (PubMed:24623306).
(Microbial infection) Upon Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, binds to viral BZLF1 Z promoter and activates viral BZLF1 expression.
Post-translational modifications
Ubiquitinated by the SCF(FBXW7), leading to its degradation (PubMed:14739463, PubMed:27458189). Ubiquitination takes place following phosphorylation, that promotes interaction with FBXW7 (PubMed:14739463).
Phosphorylated by CaMK4 and PRKDC; phosphorylation enhances the transcriptional activity. Phosphorylated by HIPK3. Phosphorylated by DYRK2 at Ser-243; this primes the protein for subsequent phosphorylation by GSK3B at Thr-239. Phosphorylated at Thr-239, Ser-243 and Ser-249 by GSK3B; phosphorylation reduces its ability to bind DNA. Phosphorylated by PAK2 at Thr-2, Thr-8, Thr-89, Thr-93 and Thr-286 thereby promoting JUN-mediated cell proliferation and transformation. Phosphorylated by PLK3 following hypoxia or UV irradiation, leading to increase DNA-binding activity. Phosphorylated by VRK1 (PubMed:31527692).
Acetylated at Lys-271 by EP300.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the bZIP family. Jun subfamily.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in the developing and adult prostate and prostate cancer cells.
Cellular localization
- Nucleus
Alternative names
Transcription factor Jun, Activator protein 1, Proto-oncogene c-Jun, Transcription factor AP-1 subunit Jun, V-jun avian sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog, p39, AP1, JUN
Database links
swissprot:P05412 entrezGene:3725 omim:165160
Other research areas
- Epigenetics
- Immuno-oncology