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Developmental stage

Expressed in endothelial cells of allantois/umbilical vessels at 8.5 dpc (at protein level). Increases moderately during pregnancy (maximum 2.7-fold at 19 days), and increases further during lactation (maximum 3.7-fold increase on day 7).

Domain

The second and third Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domains are sufficient for VEGFC binding.

Function

Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as a cell-surface receptor for VEGFA, VEGFC and VEGFD. Plays an essential role in the regulation of angiogenesis, vascular development, vascular permeability, and embryonic hematopoiesis. Promotes proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation of endothelial cells. Promotes reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Isoforms lacking a transmembrane domain, such as isoform 2, may function as decoy receptors for VEGFA, VEGFC and/or VEGFD. Isoform 2 plays an important role as a negative regulator of VEGFA- and VEGFC-mediated lymphangiogenesis by limiting the amount of free VEGFA and/or VEGFC and by preventing their binding to FLT4. Modulates FLT1 and FLT4 signaling by forming heterodimers. Binding of vascular growth factors to isoform 1 leads to the activation of several signaling cascades. Activation of PLCG1 leads to the production of the cellular signaling molecules diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and the activation of protein kinase C. Mediates activation of MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK3/ERK1 and the MAP kinase signaling pathway, as well as of the AKT1 signaling pathway. Mediates phosphorylation of PIK3R1, the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and activation of PTK2/FAK1. Required for VEGFA-mediated induction of NOS2 and NOS3, leading to the production of the signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO) by endothelial cells. Phosphorylates PLCG1. Promotes phosphorylation of FYN, NCK1, NOS3, PIK3R1, PTK2/FAK1 and SRC.

Post-translational modifications

N-glycosylated.

Ubiquitinated. Tyrosine phosphorylation of the receptor promotes its poly-ubiquitination, leading to its degradation via the proteasome or lysosomal proteases (By similarity).

Autophosphorylated on tyrosine residues upon ligand binding. Autophosphorylation occurs in trans, i.e. one subunit of the dimeric receptor phosphorylates tyrosine residues on the other subunit. Phosphorylation at Tyr-949 is important for interaction with SH2D2A/TSAD and VEGFA-mediated reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Phosphorylation at Tyr-1173 is important for interaction with PLCG1 and SHB. Phosphorylation at Tyr-1212 is important for interaction with NCK1 and FYN. Dephosphorylated by PTPRJ at Tyr-799, Tyr-949, Tyr-994, Tyr-1052, Tyr-1057, Tyr-1173 and Tyr-1212 (By similarity).

The inhibitory disulfide bond between Cys-1022 and Cys-1043 may serve as a specific molecular switch for H(2)S-induced modification that regulates KDR/VEGFR2 function.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. CSF-1/PDGF receptor subfamily.

Tissue specificity

Expressed in endothelial cells (at protein level). Detected in embryonic endothelial cells, as well as hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Detected in vascular endothelium. Expressed at high levels in adult heart, lung, kidney, brain and skeletal muscle, but is also expressed at lower levels in most other adult tissues.

Cellular localization

  • Cell junction
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Cell membrane
  • Colocalizes with ERN1 and XBP1 in the endoplasmic reticulum in endothelial cells in a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-dependent manner (By similarity). Localized with RAP1A at cell-cell junctions.
  • Isoform 1
  • Cell membrane
  • Single-pass type I membrane protein
  • Cytoplasm
  • Nucleus
  • Cytoplasmic vesicle
  • Early endosome
  • Detected on caveolae-enriched lipid rafts at the cell surface. Is recycled from the plasma membrane to endosomes and back again. Phosphorylation triggered by VEGFA binding promotes internalization and subsequent degradation. VEGFA binding triggers internalization and translocation to the nucleus (By similarity).
  • Isoform 2
  • Secreted

Alternative names

CD309, Flk-1, Flk1, Kdr, Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, VEGFR-2, Fetal liver kinase 1, Kinase NYK, Protein-tyrosine kinase receptor flk-1, FLK-1

Target type

Proteins

Primary research area

Oncology

Other research areas

  • Immuno-oncology
  • Immunology & Infectious Disease

Molecular weight

150462Da

We found 20 products in 3 categories

Assay Kits

Reactive species

Detection method

Proteins & Peptides

Species of origin

Search our catalogue for 'KDR' (20)

Products

ab233693

Anti-VEGF Receptor 2 antibody [EPR21884-236]

Recombinant
RabMAb
20ul selling size

ab221679

Anti-VEGF Receptor 2 antibody [EPR21884-290]

Recombinant
RabMAb
20ul selling size

ab245725

Mouse VEGFR2 ELISA Kit

Recombinant
SimpleStep