kynurenine 3-monooxygenase
Domain
Transmembrane domains are required for enzymatic activity.
Function
Catalyzes the hydroxylation of L-kynurenine (L-Kyn) to form 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine (L-3OHKyn) (PubMed:23575632, PubMed:26752518, PubMed:28604669, PubMed:29208702, PubMed:29429898). Required for synthesis of quinolinic acid, a neurotoxic NMDA receptor antagonist and potential endogenous inhibitor of NMDA receptor signaling in axonal targeting, synaptogenesis and apoptosis during brain development. Quinolinic acid may also affect NMDA receptor signaling in pancreatic beta cells, osteoblasts, myocardial cells, and the gastrointestinal tract (Probable).
Pathway
Cofactor biosynthesis; NAD(+) biosynthesis; quinolinate from L-kynurenine: step 1/3.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the aromatic-ring hydroxylase family. KMO subfamily.
Tissue Specificity
Highest levels in placenta and liver. Detectable in kidney.
Cellular localization
- Mitochondrion outer membrane
- Multi-pass membrane protein
Alternative names
Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase, Kynurenine 3-hydroxylase, KMO