LCN2
GeneName
LCN2
Summary
LCN2, also known as p25 or NGAL (lipocalin-2), is a 23 kDa secreted protein that is primarily found in the extracellular space, including extracellular exosomes and specific granules. It plays a multifaceted role in various biological processes, particularly in the acute-phase response and innate immune response. LCN2 binds to iron ions and enterobactin, facilitating iron sequestration and transport. It is involved in cellular responses to a range of stimuli, including interleukins, oxidative stress, and nutrient levels, and has been implicated in processes such as endothelial cell migration and apoptotic signalling.
Importance
LCN2 is relevant to: - The acute-phase response and inflammation, serving as a biomarker for various diseases, including infections and cancer. - Neurodegenerative diseases, as it responds to amyloid-beta and is involved in neuronal health. - Iron metabolism and homeostasis, influencing conditions related to iron dysregulation. - Vascular biology, due to its role in endothelial cell migration and tube formation, which is crucial in angiogenesis.
Top Products
For researchers investigating LCN2, we recommend two excellent primary antibodies that offer robust performance in various applications. The first is the well-cited Anti-Lipocalin-2 / NGAL antibody [5G5] (ab23477), a monoclonal antibody that has garnered 24 citations, reflecting its reliability in Western blotting (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). This antibody has also been validated in knockout models, ensuring its effectiveness in specific experimental contexts.In addition, we offer the recombinant antibody, Anti-Lipocalin-2 / NGAL antibody [EPR5084] (ab125075). This product is also validated in knockout models and is suitable for a broader range of applications, including WB, IHC, and immunocytochemistry (ICC). With 22 citations, it demonstrates strong support within the research community. The recombinant nature of this antibody ensures batch-to-batch consistency, making it an excellent choice for researchers seeking reliable detection of LCN2. The Recombinant human Lipocalin-2 / NGAL protein (Active) ELISA Kit (ab282398) is an excellent option for researchers looking to measure LCN2 in their experiments.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The use of Abcam antibody ab23477 for LCN2 detection in human aneurysmal tissue highlights its relevance in vascular research, particularly in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying aneurysm formation and progression.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
Iron-trafficking protein involved in multiple processes such as apoptosis, innate immunity and renal development (PubMed:12453413, PubMed:20581821, PubMed:27780864). Binds iron through association with 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA), a siderophore that shares structural similarities with bacterial enterobactin, and delivers or removes iron from the cell, depending on the context. Iron-bound form (holo-24p3) is internalized following binding to the SLC22A17 (24p3R) receptor, leading to release of iron and subsequent increase of intracellular iron concentration. In contrast, association of the iron-free form (apo-24p3) with the SLC22A17 (24p3R) receptor is followed by association with an intracellular siderophore, iron chelation and iron transfer to the extracellular medium, thereby reducing intracellular iron concentration. Involved in apoptosis due to interleukin-3 (IL3) deprivation: iron-loaded form increases intracellular iron concentration without promoting apoptosis, while iron-free form decreases intracellular iron levels, inducing expression of the proapoptotic protein BCL2L11/BIM, resulting in apoptosis (By similarity). Involved in innate immunity; limits bacterial proliferation by sequestering iron bound to microbial siderophores, such as enterobactin (PubMed:27780864). Can also bind siderophores from M.tuberculosis (PubMed:15642259, PubMed:21978368).
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
Tissue Specificity
Detected in neutrophils (at protein level) (PubMed:7683678, PubMed:8298140). Expressed in bone marrow and in tissues that are prone to exposure to microorganism (PubMed:9339356). High expression is found in bone marrow as well as in uterus, prostate, salivary gland, stomach, appendix, colon, trachea and lung (PubMed:9339356). Expressed in the medullary tubules of the kidney (PubMed:30418175). Not found in the small intestine or peripheral blood leukocytes (PubMed:9339356).
Cellular localization
- Secreted
- Cytoplasmic granule lumen
- Cytoplasmic vesicle lumen
- Upon binding to the SLC22A17 (24p3R) receptor, it is internalized (By similarity). Releases the bound iron in the acidic lumen of cytoplasmic vesicles (PubMed:12453413, PubMed:20581821).
Alternative names
HNL, NGAL, LCN2, Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, 25 kDa alpha-2-microglobulin-related subunit of MMP-9, Lipocalin-2, Oncogene 24p3, Siderocalin, p25