LGALS3
Function
Galactose-specific lectin which binds IgE. May mediate with the alpha-3, beta-1 integrin the stimulation by CSPG4 of endothelial cells migration. Together with DMBT1, required for terminal differentiation of columnar epithelial cells during early embryogenesis (By similarity). In the nucleus: acts as a pre-mRNA splicing factor. Involved in acute inflammatory responses including neutrophil activation and adhesion, chemoattraction of monocytes macrophages, opsonization of apoptotic neutrophils, and activation of mast cells. Together with TRIM16, coordinates the recognition of membrane damage with mobilization of the core autophagy regulators ATG16L1 and BECN1 in response to damaged endomembranes (By similarity). When secreted, interacts with NK cell-activating receptor NCR3/NKp30 acting as an inhibitory ligand which antagonizes NK cell attack (By similarity).
Post-translational modifications
The degree of phosphorylation is higher in the cytoplasmic form than in the nuclear form. In protein isolated from a canine kidney cell line, 90% of the phosphate was on Ser-6 and 10% was on Ser-12.
Cellular localization
- Cytoplasm
- Nucleus
- Secreted
- Secreted by a non-classical secretory pathway and associates with the cell surface. Can be secreted; the secretion is dependent on protein unfolding and facilitated by the cargo receptor TMED10; it results in protein translocation from the cytoplasm into the ERGIC (endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment) followed by vesicle entry and secretion.
Alternative names
Galectin-3, Gal-3, 35 kDa lectin, Carbohydrate-binding protein 35, Galactose-specific lectin 3, IgE-binding protein, Laminin-binding protein, Lectin L-29, Mac-2 antigen, CBP 35, LGALS3