LY9
Domain
The ITSMs (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motifs) with the consensus sequence T-X-Y-X-X-[VI] present in SLAM family receptors have overlapping specificity for activating and inhibitory SH2 domain-containing binding partners. Especially they mediate the interaction with the SH2 domain of SH2D1A and SH2D1B. A 'three-pronged' mechanism is proposed involving threonine (position -2), phosphorylated tyrosine (position 0) and valine/isoleucine (position +3).
Function
Self-ligand receptor of the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) family. SLAM receptors triggered by homo- or heterotypic cell-cell interactions are modulating the activation and differentiation of a wide variety of immune cells and thus are involved in the regulation and interconnection of both innate and adaptive immune response. Activities are controlled by presence or absence of small cytoplasmic adapter proteins, SH2D1A/SAP and/or SH2D1B/EAT-2. May participate in adhesion reactions between T lymphocytes and accessory cells by homophilic interaction. Promotes T-cell differentiation into a helper T-cell Th17 phenotype leading to increased IL-17 secretion; the costimulatory activity requires SH2D1A (PubMed:22184727). Promotes recruitment of RORC to the IL-17 promoter (PubMed:22989874). May be involved in the maintenance of peripheral cell tolerance by serving as a negative regulator of the immune response. May disable autoantibody responses and inhibit IFN-gamma secretion by CD4(+) T-cells. May negatively regulate the size of thymic innate CD8(+) T-cells and the development of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells (By similarity).
Tissue Specificity
Increased surface expression on T-cells of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.
Cellular localization
- Membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
- Cell membrane
Alternative names
CD229, CDABP0070, LY9, T-lymphocyte surface antigen Ly-9, Cell surface molecule Ly-9, Lymphocyte antigen 9, SLAM family member 3, Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule 3, SLAMF3