Met (c-Met)

Domain

The kinase domain is involved in SPSB1 binding.

The beta-propeller Sema domain mediates binding to HGF.

Function

Receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding to hepatocyte growth factor/HGF ligand. Regulates many physiological processes including proliferation, scattering, morphogenesis and survival. Ligand binding at the cell surface induces autophosphorylation of MET on its intracellular domain that provides docking sites for downstream signaling molecules. Following activation by ligand, interacts with the PI3-kinase subunit PIK3R1, PLCG1, SRC, GRB2, STAT3 or the adapter GAB1. Recruitment of these downstream effectors by MET leads to the activation of several signaling cascades including the RAS-ERK, PI3 kinase-AKT, or PLCgamma-PKC. The RAS-ERK activation is associated with the morphogenetic effects while PI3K/AKT coordinates prosurvival effects. During embryonic development, MET signaling plays a role in gastrulation, development and migration of muscles and neuronal precursors, angiogenesis and kidney formation. In adults, participates in wound healing as well as organ regeneration and tissue remodeling. Promotes also differentiation and proliferation of hematopoietic cells. May regulate cortical bone osteogenesis (By similarity).

(Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Listeria monocytogenes internalin InlB, mediating entry of the pathogen into cells.

Involvement in disease

Activation of MET after rearrangement with the TPR gene produces an oncogenic protein.

Defects in MET may be associated with gastric cancer.

Hepatocellular carcinoma

HCC

A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. The major risk factors for HCC are chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, prolonged dietary aflatoxin exposure, alcoholic cirrhosis, and cirrhosis due to other causes.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Renal cell carcinoma papillary

RCCP

A subtype of renal cell carcinoma tending to show a tubulo-papillary architecture formed by numerous, irregular, finger-like projections of connective tissue. Renal cell carcinoma is a heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary carcinoma derived from cells of the proximal renal tubular epithelium.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

A common allele in the promoter region of the MET shows genetic association with susceptibility to autism in some families. Functional assays indicate a decrease in MET promoter activity and altered binding of specific transcription factor complexes.

MET activating mutations may be involved in the development of a highly malignant, metastatic syndrome known as cancer of unknown primary origin (CUP) or primary occult malignancy. Systemic neoplastic spread is generally a late event in cancer progression. However, in some instances, distant dissemination arises at a very early stage, so that metastases reach clinical relevance before primary lesions. Sometimes, the primary lesions cannot be identified in spite of the progresses in the diagnosis of malignancies.

Deafness, autosomal recessive, 97

DFNB97

A form of non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss with prelingual onset. Sensorineural deafness results from damage to the neural receptors of the inner ear, the nerve pathways to the brain, or the area of the brain that receives sound information.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Osteofibrous dysplasia

OSFD

A congenital disorder of osteogenesis characterized by non-neoplastic, radiolucent lesions that affect the cortical bone immediately under the periosteum. It usually manifests as a painless swelling or anterior bowing of the long bones, most commonly the tibia and fibula.

None

Disease susceptibility is associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. Disease-associated variants identified in 4 families cause the deletion of exon 14. This results in the exclusion of an ubiquitination target site within the cytoplasmic domain, hence in protein stabilization. The persistent presence of MET at the cell surface in conditions of ligand-dependent activation retards osteoblastic differentiation.

Post-translational modifications

Autophosphorylated in response to ligand binding on Tyr-1234 and Tyr-1235 in the kinase domain leading to further phosphorylation of Tyr-1349 and Tyr-1356 in the C-terminal multifunctional docking site. Dephosphorylated by PTPRJ at Tyr-1349 and Tyr-1365. Dephosphorylated by PTPN1 and PTPN2.

Ubiquitinated. Ubiquitination by CBL regulates MET endocytosis, resulting in decreasing plasma membrane receptor abundance, and in endosomal degradation and/or recycling of internalized receptors.

(Microbial infection) Tyrosine phosphorylation is stimulated by L.monocytogenes InlB. Tyrosine phosphorylation is maximal 10-20 minutes after treatment with InlB and disappears by 60 minutes. The phosphorylated residues were not identified.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family.

Tissue specificity

Expressed in normal hepatocytes as well as in epithelial cells lining the stomach, the small and the large intestine. Found also in basal keratinocytes of esophagus and skin. High levels are found in liver, gastrointestinal tract, thyroid and kidney. Also present in the brain. Expressed in metaphyseal bone (at protein level) (PubMed:26637977).

Cellular localization

• Membrane
• Single-pass type I membrane protein
• Isoform 3
• Secreted

Alternative names

• Hepatocyte growth factor receptor
• HGF receptor
• HGF/SF receptor
• Proto-oncogene c-Met
• Scatter factor receptor
• Tyrosine-protein kinase Met
• SF receptor
• MET

Database links

• swissprot:P08581

Target type

Proteins