MKI67

Expression occurs preferentially during late G1, S, G2 and M phases of the cell cycle, while in cells in G0 phase the antigen cannot be detected (at protein level) (PubMed:6206131). Present at highest level in G2 phase and during mitosis (at protein level). In interphase, forms fiber-like structures in fibrillarin-deficient regions surrounding nucleoli (PubMed:2674163, PubMed:8799815).

The protein expressed by the MKI67 gene is required to maintain individual mitotic chromosomes dispersed in the cytoplasm following nuclear envelope disassembly and associates with the surface of the mitotic chromosome, specifically the perichromosomal layer, covering a significant portion of the chromosome surface (PubMed:27362226). It prevents chromosomes from collapsing into a single chromatin mass by creating a steric and electrostatic charge barrier due to its high net electrical charge, acting as a surfactant that disperses chromosomes and enables their independent motility (PubMed:27362226). The protein binds DNA, with a preference for supercoiled and AT-rich DNA (PubMed:10878551), and may play a role in chromatin organization, though it is unclear if it directly influences chromatin organization or if this is an indirect result of its function in maintaining dispersed mitotic chromosomes (Probable, PubMed:24867636). This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Phosphorylated. Hyperphosphorylated in mitosis (PubMed:10502411, PubMed:10653604). Hyperphosphorylated form does not bind DNA.

• Chromosome
• Nucleus
• Nucleus
• Nucleolus
• Associates with the surface of the mitotic chromosome, the perichromosomal layer, and covers a substantial fraction of the mitotic chromosome surface (PubMed:27362226). Associates with satellite DNA in G1 phase (PubMed:9510506). Binds tightly to chromatin in interphase, chromatin-binding decreases in mitosis when it associates with the surface of the condensed chromosomes (PubMed:15896774, PubMed:22002106). Predominantly localized in the G1 phase in the perinucleolar region, in the later phases it is also detected throughout the nuclear interior, being predominantly localized in the nuclear matrix (PubMed:22002106).

Proliferation marker protein Ki-67, Antigen identified by monoclonal antibody Ki-67, Antigen KI-67, Antigen Ki67, MKI67

• entrezGene:4288
• omim:176741
• swissprot:P46013

Proteins

Immunology & Infectious Disease

• Neuroscience
• Oncology

358694Da