MKI67

GeneName

MKI67

Summary

MKI67, also known as Ki-67 or Ki67, is a 359 kDa nuclear protein that is expressed in proliferating cells. It is involved in several critical processes during the cell cycle, particularly in promoting cell population proliferation and chromosome segregation. MKI67 is localised predominantly in the nucleus and nucleolus, where it plays a role in regulating chromatin organisation and mitotic nuclear division. The protein is also associated with molecular condensates and exhibits DNA and RNA binding activities, contributing to its function in cellular proliferation and division.

Importance

MKI67 is relevant to: - Cancer research as a proliferation marker, aiding in the assessment of tumour growth and prognosis - Studies on cell cycle regulation and its implications in cell division and cancer biology - Understanding cellular responses to therapies that target proliferating cells - Research into regenerative medicine and tissue repair, given its role in cell population dynamics

Top Products

For researchers investigating MKI67, we recommend two outstanding primary antibodies that cater to a variety of applications. The first is the highly regarded polyclonal antibody, Anti-Ki67 antibody (ab15580), which has garnered an impressive 5540 citations, underscoring its reliability in immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunocytochemistry (ICC). This antibody has also been validated in knockout models, making it a trusted choice for accurate detection.In addition, we offer the recombinant antibody, Anti-Ki67 antibody [SP6] (ab16667), which is also validated in knockout models and excels in multiple applications, including IHC, ICC, western blotting (WB), and flow cytometry (FC). With 3714 citations, this recombinant antibody provides the batch-to-batch consistency that many researchers seek. Together, these antibodies represent excellent options for studying MKI67 with confidence. The Anti-Ki67 antibody ELISA Kit (ab230460), supported by 1 citation, is a reliable option for researchers looking to measure MKI67 levels in their samples.

Abcam Product Citation Summary

The data indicates a significant focus on the role of MKI67 in various biological contexts, particularly in studies related to cell proliferation, tumor growth, and differentiation across multiple species, predominantly Mus musculus. The use of Abcam antibodies in immunohistochemistry and western blotting highlights their importance in cancer research and developmental biology.

Abcam Product Citation Table

Developmental stage

Expression occurs preferentially during late G1, S, G2 and M phases of the cell cycle, while in cells in G0 phase the antigen cannot be detected (at protein level) (PubMed:6206131). Present at highest level in G2 phase and during mitosis (at protein level). In interphase, forms fiber-like structures in fibrillarin-deficient regions surrounding nucleoli (PubMed:2674163, PubMed:8799815).

Function

The protein expressed by the MKI67 gene is required to maintain individual mitotic chromosomes dispersed in the cytoplasm following nuclear envelope disassembly and associates with the surface of the mitotic chromosome, specifically the perichromosomal layer, covering a significant portion of the chromosome surface (PubMed:27362226). It prevents chromosomes from collapsing into a single chromatin mass by creating a steric and electrostatic charge barrier due to its high net electrical charge, acting as a surfactant that disperses chromosomes and enables their independent motility (PubMed:27362226). The protein binds DNA, with a preference for supercoiled and AT-rich DNA (PubMed:10878551), and may play a role in chromatin organization, though it is unclear if it directly influences chromatin organization or if this is an indirect result of its function in maintaining dispersed mitotic chromosomes (Probable, PubMed:24867636). This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Post-translational modifications

Phosphorylated. Hyperphosphorylated in mitosis (PubMed:10502411, PubMed:10653604). Hyperphosphorylated form does not bind DNA.

Cellular localization

• Chromosome
• Nucleus
• Nucleus
• Nucleolus
• Associates with the surface of the mitotic chromosome, the perichromosomal layer, and covers a substantial fraction of the mitotic chromosome surface (PubMed:27362226). Associates with satellite DNA in G1 phase (PubMed:9510506). Binds tightly to chromatin in interphase, chromatin-binding decreases in mitosis when it associates with the surface of the condensed chromosomes (PubMed:15896774, PubMed:22002106). Predominantly localized in the G1 phase in the perinucleolar region, in the later phases it is also detected throughout the nuclear interior, being predominantly localized in the nuclear matrix (PubMed:22002106).

Alternative names

Proliferation marker protein Ki-67, Antigen identified by monoclonal antibody Ki-67, Antigen KI-67, Antigen Ki67, MKI67

Database links

swissprot:P46013 omim:176741 entrezGene:4288

Other research areas

• Neuroscience