MMP19
Domain
The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme.
Function
Endopeptidase that degrades various components of the extracellular matrix, such as aggrecan and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (comp), during development, haemostasis and pathological conditions (arthritic disease). May also play a role in neovascularization or angiogenesis. Hydrolyzes collagen type IV, laminin, nidogen, nascin-C isoform, fibronectin, and type I gelatin.
Involvement in disease
Cavitary optic disc anomalies
CODA
An ocular disease characterized by a profound excavation of the optic nerve. Clinical phenotype is variable and includes congenitally excavated optic nerves as well as other features of optic pit, optic nerve coloboma, and morning glory disk anomaly. Patients with CODA have a strong predilection for retinal detachment and/or separation of the retinal layers (retinoschisis) that lead to profound central vision loss.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Post-translational modifications
Activated by autolytic cleavage after Lys-97.
Tyrosine phosphorylated by PKDCC/VLK.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the peptidase M10A family.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in mammary gland, placenta, lung, pancreas, ovary, small intestine, spleen, thymus, prostate, testis colon, heart and blood vessel walls. Not detected in brain and peripheral blood leukocytes. Also expressed in the synovial fluid of normal and rheumatoid patients (PubMed:8920941).
Cellular localization
- Secreted
- Extracellular space
- Extracellular matrix
Alternative names
MMP18, RASI, MMP19, Matrix metalloproteinase-19, MMP-19, Matrix metalloproteinase RASI, Matrix metalloproteinase-18, MMP-18