MMP20
Developmental stage
Expression initiates prior to the onset of dentin mineralization and continues throughout the secretory stage of amelogenesis.
Domain
The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme.
Function
Degrades amelogenin, the major protein component of the enamel matrix and two of the macromolecules characterizing the cartilage extracellular matrix: aggrecan and the cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP). May play a central role in tooth enamel formation. Cleaves aggrecan at the '360-Asn-|-Phe-361' site.
Involvement in disease
Amelogenesis imperfecta, hypomaturation type, 2A2
AI2A2
A defect of enamel formation. The disorder involves both primary and secondary dentitions. The teeth have a shiny agar jelly appearance and the enamel is softer than normal. Brown pigment is present in middle layers of enamel.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Post-translational modifications
Autoactivates at least at the 107-Asn-|-Tyr-108 site.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the peptidase M10A family.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed specifically in the enamel organ.
Cellular localization
- Secreted
- Extracellular space
- Extracellular matrix
Alternative names
Matrix metalloproteinase-20, MMP-20, Enamel metalloproteinase, Enamelysin, MMP20