MOV10
Function
5' to 3' RNA helicase that is involved in a number of cellular roles ranging from mRNA metabolism and translation, modulation of viral infectivity, inhibition of retrotransposition, or regulation of synaptic transmission (PubMed:23093941). Plays an important role in innate antiviral immunity by promoting type I interferon production (PubMed:27016603, PubMed:27974568, PubMed:35157734). Mechanistically, specifically uses IKKepsilon/IKBKE as the mediator kinase for IRF3 activation (PubMed:27016603, PubMed:35157734). Blocks HIV-1 virus replication at a post-entry step (PubMed:20215113). Counteracts HIV-1 Vif-mediated degradation of APOBEC3G through its helicase activity by interfering with the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (PubMed:29258557). Inhibits also hepatitis B virus/HBV replication by interacting with HBV RNA and thereby inhibiting the early step of viral reverse transcription (PubMed:31722967). Contributes to UPF1 mRNA target degradation by translocation along 3' UTRs (PubMed:24726324). Required for microRNA (miRNA)-mediated gene silencing by the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). Required for both miRNA-mediated translational repression and miRNA-mediated cleavage of complementary mRNAs by RISC (PubMed:16289642, PubMed:17507929, PubMed:22791714). In cooperation with FMR1, regulates miRNA-mediated translational repression by AGO2 (PubMed:25464849). Restricts retrotransposition of long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1) in cooperation with TUT4 and TUT7 counteracting the RNA chaperonne activity of L1RE1 (PubMed:23093941, PubMed:30122351). Facilitates LINE-1 uridylation by TUT4 and TUT7 (PubMed:30122351). Required for embryonic viability and for normal central nervous system development and function. Plays two critical roles in early brain development: suppresses retroelements in the nucleus by directly inhibiting cDNA synthesis, while regulates cytoskeletal mRNAs to influence neurite outgrowth in the cytosol (By similarity). May function as a messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) clearance factor (PubMed:24726324).
(Microbial infection) Required for RNA-directed transcription and replication of the human hepatitis delta virus (HDV). Interacts with small capped HDV RNAs derived from genomic hairpin structures that mark the initiation sites of RNA-dependent HDV RNA transcription.
Post-translational modifications
Ubiquitinated by the DCX(DCAF12) complex that specifically recognizes the glutamate-leucine (Glu-Leu) degron at the C-terminus, leading to its degradation.
(Microbial infection) Cleaved and targeted for degradation by picornavirus proteases.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the DNA2/NAM7 helicase family. SDE3 subfamily.
Cellular localization
- Cytoplasm
- P-body
- Cytoplasm
- Cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule
- Cytoplasm
- Stress granule
- Nucleus
- Cytoplasm
- Co-enriched in cytoplasmic foci with TUT4 (PubMed:30122351). In developing neurons, localizes both in nucleus and cytoplasm, but in the adulthood it is only cytoplasmic (By similarity). After infection, relocalizes to the DENV replication complex in perinuclear regions (PubMed:27974568).
Alternative names
KIAA1631, MOV10, Helicase MOV-10, Armitage homolog, Moloney leukemia virus 10 protein