C-Myc/MYC

Function

Transcription factor that binds DNA in a non-specific manner, yet also specifically recognizes the core sequence 5'-CAC[GA]TG-3'. Activates the transcription of growth-related genes. Binds to the VEGFA promoter, promoting VEGFA production and subsequent sprouting angiogenesis (PubMed:24940000). Regulator of somatic reprogramming, controls self-renewal of embryonic stem cells. Functions with TAF6L to activate target gene expression through RNA polymerase II pause release (By similarity).

Involvement in disease

A chromosomal aberration involving MYC may be a cause of a form of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Translocation t(8;12)(q24;q22) with BTG1.

Burkitt lymphoma

BL

A form of undifferentiated malignant lymphoma commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass.

None

The gene represented in this entry is involved in disease pathogenesis. Chromosomal aberrations involving MYC are usually found in Burkitt lymphoma. Translocations t(8;14), t(8;22) or t(2;8) which juxtapose MYC to one of the heavy or light chain immunoglobulin gene loci.

Post-translational modifications

Phosphorylated by PRKDC. Phosphorylation at Ser-329 by PIM2 leads to the stabilization of MYC (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-62 by CDK2 prevents Ras-induced senescence. Phosphorylated at Ser-62 by DYRK2; this primes the protein for subsequent phosphorylation by GSK3B at Thr-58. Phosphorylation at Thr-58 and Ser-62 by GSK3 is required for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome.

Ubiquitinated by the SCF(FBXW7) complex when phosphorylated at Thr-58 and Ser-62, leading to its degradation by the proteasome. In the nucleoplasm, ubiquitination is counteracted by USP28, which interacts with isoform 1 of FBXW7 (FBW7alpha), leading to its deubiquitination and preventing degradation. In the nucleolus, however, ubiquitination is not counteracted by USP28 but by USP36, due to the lack of interaction between isoform 3 of FBXW7 (FBW7gamma) and USP28, explaining the selective MYC degradation in the nucleolus (PubMed:25775507,PubMed:17558397). Also polyubiquitinated by the DCX(TRUSS) complex. Ubiquitinated by TRIM6 in a phosphorylation-independent manner (By similarity).

Cellular localization

• Nucleus
• Nucleoplasm
• Nucleus
• Nucleolus

Alternative names

• Myc proto-oncogene protein
• Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 39
• Proto-oncogene c-Myc
• Transcription factor p64
• bHLHe39
• BHLHE39
• MYC

Database links

• entrezGene:4613
• entrezGene:4610
• entrezGene:4609
• omim:164850
• omim:164840
• omim:190080
• swissprot:P01106
• swissprot:P12524
• swissprot:P04198

Target type

Proteins

Primary research area

Epigenetics

Other research areas

• Oncology

Molecular weight

48804Da