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MYL2

Function

Contractile protein that plays a role in heart development and function (By similarity). Following phosphorylation, plays a role in cross-bridge cycling kinetics and cardiac muscle contraction by increasing myosin lever arm stiffness and promoting myosin head diffusion; as a consequence of the increase in maximum contraction force and calcium sensitivity of contraction force. These events altogether slow down myosin kinetics and prolong duty cycle resulting in accumulated myosins being cooperatively recruited to actin binding sites to sustain thin filament activation as a means to fine-tune myofilament calcium sensitivity to force (By similarity). During cardiogenesis plays an early role in cardiac contractility by promoting cardiac myofibril assembly (By similarity).

Involvement in disease

Cardiomyopathy, familial hypertrophic 10

CMH10

A hereditary heart disorder characterized by ventricular hypertrophy, which is usually asymmetric and often involves the interventricular septum. The symptoms include dyspnea, syncope, collapse, palpitations, and chest pain. They can be readily provoked by exercise. The disorder has inter- and intrafamilial variability ranging from benign to malignant forms with high risk of cardiac failure and sudden cardiac death. Rarely, patients present a variant of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, characterized by mid-left ventricular chamber thickening.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Post-translational modifications

N-terminus is methylated by METTL11A/NTM1.

Phosphorylated by MYLK3 and MYLK2; promotes cardiac muscle contraction and function (By similarity). Dephosphorylated by PPP1CB complexed to PPP1R12B (By similarity). The phosphorylated form in adult is expressed as gradients across the heart from endocardium (low phosphorylation) to epicardium (high phosphorylation); regulates cardiac torsion and workload distribution (By similarity).

Cellular localization

  • Cytoplasm
  • Myofibril
  • Sarcomere
  • A band

Alternative names

  • MLC-2
  • MLC-2v
  • Cardiac myosin light chain 2
  • Ventricular myosin light chain 2
  • MLC-2s/v
  • MYL2
  • MLC2

Target type

Proteins

Molecular weight

18789Da