NANOG

GeneName

NANOG

Summary

NANOG, also known as Enk or Stm1, is a 35 kDa homeobox transcription factor that plays a pivotal role in maintaining pluripotency and self-renewal of embryonic stem cells. It is predominantly expressed in the nucleus, where it localises to chromatin and the nucleolus, and is involved in the regulation of gene expression through its DNA-binding activities. NANOG functions by binding to specific DNA sequences to regulate transcription, influencing processes such as cell differentiation and stem cell maintenance, particularly in endodermal cell fate specification and somatic stem cell populations.

Importance

NANOG is relevant to: - Stem cell research due to its essential role in maintaining pluripotency and self-renewal capabilities of embryonic stem cells - Developmental biology as it regulates cell differentiation and contributes to endodermal lineage specification - Cancer research, where aberrant expression of NANOG has been linked to tumourigenesis and cancer stem cell properties - Regenerative medicine, as understanding NANOG function may aid in developing therapies for tissue regeneration and repair

Top Products

For researchers investigating NANOG, we recommend two excellent primary antibodies that cater to a variety of applications. The first is the well-cited polyclonal antibody, Anti-Nanog antibody (ab21624), which has garnered 333 citations, reflecting its reliability in Western blotting (WB), immunocytochemistry (ICC), and ELISA. This antibody is a trusted choice for those looking to study NANOG in detail. Additionally, we offer the recombinant monoclonal antibody, Anti-Nanog antibody [EPR2027(2)] (ab109250). This product has been validated in multiple applications, including WB, ICC, immunohistochemistry (IHC), flow cytometry (FC), chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and immunoprecipitation (IP). With 260 citations, it is also well-regarded in the research community. The recombinant nature of this antibody ensures batch-to-batch consistency, making it an excellent option for researchers requiring dependable NANOG detection across various experimental setups. "The Recombinant Human Nanog Protein ELISA Kit (ab134886), supported by 2 citations, is an excellent option for researchers looking to accurately measure Nanog levels in their experiments."

Abcam Product Citation Summary

The data indicates a strong focus on the role of NANOG in various contexts related to stem cell biology, including studies on pluripotency, stemness maintenance, and cancer stem cell characteristics. The majority of the experiments were conducted using human cell lines, highlighting the relevance of NANOG in human developmental and cancer research. Additionally, some studies involved rabbit models, suggesting a broader interest in NANOG's function across species.

Abcam Product Citation Table

Developmental stage

Expressed in embryonic stem (ES) and carcinoma (EC) cells. Expressed in inner cell mass (ICM) of the blastocyst and gonocytes between 14 and 19 weeks of gestation (at protein level). Not expressed in oocytes, unfertilized oocytes, 2-16 cell embryos and early morula (at protein level). Expressed in embryonic stem cells (ES). Expression decreases with ES differentiation.

Function

Transcription regulator involved in inner cell mass and embryonic stem (ES) cells proliferation and self-renewal. Imposes pluripotency on ES cells and prevents their differentiation towards extraembryonic endoderm and trophectoderm lineages. Blocks bone morphogenetic protein-induced mesoderm differentiation of ES cells by physically interacting with SMAD1 and interfering with the recruitment of coactivators to the active SMAD transcriptional complexes. Acts as a transcriptional activator or repressor. Binds optimally to the DNA consensus sequence 5'-TAAT[GT][GT]-3' or 5'-[CG][GA][CG]C[GC]ATTAN[GC]-3'. Binds to the POU5F1/OCT4 promoter (PubMed:25825768). Able to autorepress its expression in differentiating (ES) cells: binds to its own promoter following interaction with ZNF281/ZFP281, leading to recruitment of the NuRD complex and subsequent repression of expression. When overexpressed, promotes cells to enter into S phase and proliferation.

Sequence Similarities

Belongs to the Nanog homeobox family.

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in testicular carcinoma and derived germ cell tumors (at protein level). Expressed in fetal gonads, ovary and testis. Also expressed in ovary teratocarcinoma cell line and testicular embryonic carcinoma. Not expressed in many somatic organs and oocytes.

Cellular localization

• Nucleus

Alternative names

Homeobox protein NANOG, Homeobox transcription factor Nanog, hNanog, NANOG

Database links

swissprot:Q9H9S0 entrezGene:79923 omim:607937 entrezGene:100293888

Other research areas

• Oncology