NEUROD1

Function

Acts as a transcriptional activator: mediates transcriptional activation by binding to E box-containing promoter consensus core sequences 5'-CANNTG-3'. Associates with the p300/CBP transcription coactivator complex to stimulate transcription of the secretin gene as well as the gene encoding the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1A. Contributes to the regulation of several cell differentiation pathways, like those that promote the formation of early retinal ganglion cells, inner ear sensory neurons, granule cells forming either the cerebellum or the dentate gyrus cell layer of the hippocampus, endocrine islet cells of the pancreas and enteroendocrine cells of the small intestine. Together with PAX6 or SIX3, is required for the regulation of amacrine cell fate specification. Also required for dendrite morphogenesis and maintenance in the cerebellar cortex. Associates with chromatin to enhancer regulatory elements in genes encoding key transcriptional regulators of neurogenesis (By similarity).

Involvement in disease

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young 6

MODY6

A form of diabetes that is characterized by an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, onset in childhood or early adulthood (usually before 25 years of age), a primary defect in insulin secretion and frequent insulin-independence at the beginning of the disease.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Diabetes mellitus, non-insulin-dependent

NIDDM

A multifactorial disorder of glucose homeostasis caused by a lack of sensitivity to the body's own insulin. Affected individuals usually have an obese body habitus and manifestations of a metabolic syndrome characterized by diabetes, insulin resistance, hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia. The disease results in long-term complications that affect the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and blood vessels.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Post-translational modifications

Phosphorylated. In islet cells, phosphorylated on Ser-274 upon glucose stimulation; which may be required for nuclear localization. In activated neurons, phosphorylated on Ser-335; which promotes dendritic growth. Phosphorylated by MAPK1; phosphorylation regulates heterodimerization and DNA-binding activities. Phosphorylation on Ser-266 and Ser-274 increases transactivation on the insulin promoter in glucose-stimulated insulinoma cells (By similarity).

Cellular localization

• Cytoplasm
• Nucleus
• In pancreatic islet cells, shuttles to the nucleus in response to glucose stimulation (By similarity). Colocalizes with NR0B2 in the nucleus.

Alternative names

• Neurogenic differentiation factor 1
• NeuroD
• NeuroD1
• Class A basic helix-loop-helix protein 3
• bHLHa3
• NEUROD
• NEUROD1
• BHLHA3

Database links

• entrezGene:4760
• omim:601724
• swissprot:Q13562

Target type

Proteins

Primary research area

Neuroscience

Molecular weight

39920Da