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NKX2-1

Function

Transcription factor that binds and activates the promoter of thyroid specific genes such as thyroglobulin, thyroperoxidase, and thyrotropin receptor. Crucial in the maintenance of the thyroid differentiation phenotype. May play a role in lung development and surfactant homeostasis. Forms a regulatory loop with GRHL2 that coordinates lung epithelial cell morphogenesis and differentiation. Activates the transcription of GNRHR and plays a role in enhancing the circadian oscillation of its gene expression. Represses the transcription of the circadian transcriptional repressor NR1D1 (By similarity).

Involvement in disease

Chorea, hereditary benign

BHC

A rare autosomal dominant movement disorder, defined by early onset in childhood, a stable or non-progressive course of chorea, and no mental deterioration. Chorea is characterized by involuntary, forcible, rapid, jerky movements that may be subtle or become confluent, markedly altering normal patterns of movement.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Choreoathetosis and congenital hypothyroidism with or without pulmonary dysfunction

CAHTP

An autosomal dominant disorder that manifests in infancy with neurological disturbances, hypothyroidism, and respiratory problems. It is characterized by movement abnormalities beginning with muscular hypotonia followed by the development of chorea, athetosis, dystonia, ataxia, and dysarthria.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Thyroid cancer, non-medullary, 1

NMTC1

A form of non-medullary thyroid cancer (NMTC), a cancer characterized by tumors originating from the thyroid follicular cells. NMTCs represent approximately 95% of all cases of thyroid cancer and are classified into papillary, follicular, Hurthle cell, and anaplastic neoplasms.

None

Disease susceptibility is associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Post-translational modifications

Phosphorylated on serine residues by STK3/MST2.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the NK-2 homeobox family.

Tissue specificity

Thyroid and lung.

Cellular localization

  • Nucleus

Alternative names

  • Homeobox protein Nkx-2.1
  • Homeobox protein NK-2 homolog A
  • Thyroid nuclear factor 1
  • Thyroid transcription factor 1
  • Thyroid-specific enhancer-binding protein
  • TTF-1
  • T/EBP
  • TTF1
  • TITF1
  • NKX2A
  • NKX2-1

Target type

Proteins

Molecular weight

38596Da